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County of Zeeland

County of Zeeland
Graafschap Zeeland
State of the Holy Roman Empire (until 1581)
Province of the Dutch Republic (from 1581)
1012–1795


Coat of arms

The County of Zeeland around 1350.
Capital Middelburg
Languages Dutch
Religion Catholic Church Protestantism
Government Feudal monarchy
Historical era Middle Ages, Renaissance
 •  Established 1012
 •  Held by Holland 1323
 •  To Burgundy 1432
 •  Joined Burgundian Circle 1512
 •  Part of Dutch Republic 1581
 •  Disestablished 1795
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Frisia
Batavian Republic


Coat of arms

The County of Zeeland was a county of the Holy Roman Empire in the Low Countries. It covered an area in the Scheldt and Meuse delta roughly corresponding to the modern Dutch province of Zeeland. The County of Zeeland did not include the region of Zeelandic Flanders which was part of Flanders; conversely, the modern Province of Zeeland does not include Sommelsdijk, historically part of the County of Zeeland.

The area has always been the prey of its stronger neighbors, the County of Holland, the County of Hainaut and the County of Flanders. In 1012 Emperor Henry II the Saint enfeoffed the French count Baldwin IV of Flanders with Zeeland after which both counties were ruled in personal union, contested by northern Holland from the beginning. In 1167 a war broke out between the counties, after which Count Floris III of Holland had to acknowledge the overlordship of Count Philip of Flanders in Zeeland. Count Floris IV of Holland (1222-1234) reconquered Zeeland, which from the accession of Count Floris V, the son of William II of Holland, in 1256 was ruled in personal union by Holland.


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