Costa ben Luca

Qusta Ibn Luqa al-Ba'albakki قُسطا ابن لُوقا البعلبکی
Qusta Ibn Luqa
Born	820 Baalbek, Byzantine Empire, now Baalbek District, Beqaa Governorate, Lebanon
Died	912 (aged 92) Armenia
Occupation	Physician, Scientist, Translator
Notable works	Risalah fī Auja Al Niqris, Rislah fī al Nabidh (Arabic), Kitāb fī al‐ʿamal bi‐ʾl-kura al‐nujūmiyya, Hayʾat al‐aflāk (work on Celestial Bodies), Kitāb al‐Madkhal ilā ʿilm al‐nujūm, Kitāb al‐Madkhal ilā al‐hayʾa wa‐ḥarakāt al‐aflāk wa‐ʾl‐kawākib, Kitāb fī al‐ʿamal bi‐ʾl‐asṭurlāb al‐kurī, Kitāb fī al‐ʿamal bi‐ʾl‐kura dhāt al‐kursī, The Introduction to Geometry (English Translation)
Years active	840– 912

Qusta ibn Luqa (820–912) (Costa ben Luca, Constabulus) was a Syrian Melkite physician, scientist and translator. He was born in Baalbek. Travelling to parts of the Byzantine Empire, he brought back Greek texts and translated them into Arabic.

Qusta ibn Luqa al-Ba'albakki, i. e. from Baalbek or Heliopolis, Lebanon, a Melkite Christian, was born in 820 and flourished in Baghdad. He was a philosopher, physician, mathematician and astronomer. He died in Armenia in A.D. 912.

Translations of Diophantos, Theodosius of Bithynia's Sphaerica, On Days and Nights (Περὶ ἡμερῶν καὶ νυκτῶν -De diebus et noctibus), On the places of habitation (Περὶ οἰκήσεων - De habitationibus), Autolycus' On the moving sphere (Περὶ κινουμένης σφαίρας - De sphaera quae movetur), On Risings and Settings (Περὶ ἐπιτολῶν καὶ δύσεων - De ortibus et occasibus), Hypsicles' On Ascensions (Ἀναφορικός), Aristarchus, Theophrastus’ Meteora, Galen’s catalogue of his books, Hero of Alexandria's (Heron's) Mechanics, and John Philoponus were made or revised by him, or made under his direction. He wrote commentaries on Euclid and a treatise on the Armillary sphere. He was a prominent figure in the Graeco-Arabic translation movement that reached its peak in the 9th century. At the request of wealthy and influential commissioners, Qusta translated Greek works on astronomy, mathematics, mechanics and natural science into Arabic. He also produced works of his own: more than sixty treatises are attributed to him. He wrote mainly on medical subjects, but also on mathematics and astronomy. Only a small part of his production has so far been edited. The extant editions of Qusta’s medical works show that he was thoroughly acquainted with Hippocratic-Galenic humoral medicine– the theoretical system that constituted the basis of formal medicine in Islam.

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