Concordancia (Argentina)
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Concordance
Concordancia |
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|---|---|
| Political leader | Agustín Justo |
| Ideological leader | Leopoldo Melo |
| Founded | 1931 |
| Dissolved | 1943 |
| Headquarters | Buenos Aires |
| Ideology | Conservatism |
| Political position | Right-wing |
The Concordancia was a political alliance in Argentina. Three Presidents belonging to the Concordance (Agustín Justo, Roberto Ortiz, and Ramón Castillo) were in power from 1931 to 1943, a period known in Argentina as the "Infamous Decade."
A coup d'état deposed the aging President Hipólito Yrigoyen on September 6, 1930. His country's first leader elected via universal suffrage (though without the participation of women), Yrigoyen had strained alliances within his own centrist Radical Civic Union (UCR) through frequent interventions against unwillful governors and had set business powerhouses such as Standard Oil against him through his support of YPF, the state oil concern founded in 1922. Staging its first coup since 1861, the Argentine military, then dominated by conservative, rural interests, called on José Félix Uriburu, a retired general and member of the Supreme War Council, to assume the role of Provisional President. The ailing Uriburu called general elections for November 1931.
Yrigoyen's opponents within the UCR during the 1920s, who referred to themselves as "Antipersonalists" (in reference to their belief that the populist leader was advancing a personality cult) became divided by the 1930 coup. Opponents of the coup itself would support former President Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear, while more conservative UCR figures supported former Senate President Leopoldo Melo. These latter, in turn, joined Conservative and Democratic leaders (successors of the National Autonomist Party (PAN) that had controlled Argentine politics from 1874 to 1916) following a meeting in the Hotel Castelar in downtown Buenos Aires, and the resulting agreement became known as the "Concordance."
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