Communist Party of Portugal
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Portuguese Communist Party
Partido Comunista Português |
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|---|---|
 |
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| Abbreviation | PCP |
| Leader | Collective leadership (Central Committee) |
| Secretary-General | Jerónimo de Sousa |
| Founded | 6 March 1921 |
| Headquarters | Rua Soeiro Pereira Gomes 3, Lisbon |
| Newspaper |
Avante! O Militante Emigração Portugal e a UE |
| Youth wing | Portuguese Communist Youth |
| Membership (2012) | 60,484 |
| Ideology |
Communism Marxism–Leninism |
| Political position | Left-wing to Far-left |
| National affiliation | Unitary Democratic Coalition |
| European affiliation | None |
| International affiliation |
International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties International Communist Seminar |
| European Parliament group | European United Left–Nordic Green Left |
| Colours | Red |
| Assembly of the Republic |
15 / 230
|
| European Parliament |
3 / 21
|
| Regional Parliaments |
3 / 104
|
| Local Government |
213 / 2,086
|
| Website | |
| www |
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The Portuguese Communist Party (Portuguese: Partido Comunista Português, pronounced: [pɐɾˈtidu kumuˈniʃtɐ puɾtuˈɡeʃ], PCP) is a major left-wing political party in Portugal. It is a Marxist-Leninist party, and its organization is based upon democratic centralism. The party also considers itself to be patriotic and internationalist.
The party was founded in 1921 as the Portuguese section of the Communist International (Comintern). Made illegal after a coup in the late 1920s, the PCP played a major role in the opposition to the dictatorial regime of António de Oliveira Salazar. During the five-decades-long dictatorship, the party was constantly suppressed by the political police, the PIDE, which forced its members to live in clandestine status under the threat of arrest, torture, and murder. After the Carnation Revolution in 1974, which overthrew the 48-year regime, the 36 members of party's Central Committee had, in the aggregate, experienced more than 300 years in jail.
After the end of the dictatorship, the party became a major political force in the newly democratic state, mainly among the working class. Despite being less influential since the fall of the Socialist bloc in eastern Europe, the party still enjoys popularity in large sectors of Portuguese society, particularly in the rural areas of the Alentejo and Ribatejo, and in the heavily industrialized areas around Lisbon and Setúbal, where it holds the leadership of several municipalities.
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