Colony of Newfoundland
| Newfoundland Colony | ||||||||||
| Colony of England (1610–1707) Colony of Great Britain (1707–1800) Colony of the United Kingdom (1801–1907) |
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| Capital | Not specified | |||||||||
| Languages | English, Newfoundland French, Newfoundland Irish | |||||||||
| Religion | Anglican Church, Catholicism, Methodism | |||||||||
| Government | Colony (1610-1854) Crown colony (1854-1907) |
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| Monarch | ||||||||||
| • | 1610–1625 | James I (first) | ||||||||
| • | 1901-1907 | Edward VII (last) | ||||||||
| Governor | ||||||||||
| • | 1785-1794 | John Guy (first) | ||||||||
| • | 1904-1907 | Sir William MacGregor (last) | ||||||||
| History | ||||||||||
| • | English Colonization of Newfoundland | 1610 | ||||||||
| • | Dominion of Newfoundland established | 1907 | ||||||||
| Currency |
Newfoundland pound (until 1865) Newfoundland dollar (1865 onwards) |
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| Today part of |
 Canada-  Newfoundland and Labrador
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Newfoundland Colony was the name for an English colony and later British colony established in 1610 on the island of the same name off the Atlantic coast of Canada, included in the modern-day Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. This followed decades of sporadic English settlement on the island, at first seasonal rather than permanent. It was made a Crown colony in 1854 and a Dominion of the British Empire in 1907. In 1949 it joined the Canadian confederation as the Province of Newfoundland. In 2001 that was changed to the current jurisdiction.
The English encountered the Beothuk indigenous people on the island of Newfoundland and in the region. They gradually became extinct as a people, as they suffered from new infectious diseases carried by the colonists, to which they had no immunity and the loss of habitat due to English and French settlement.
From 1610 to 1728, proprietary governors were appointed to establish colonial settlements on the island, as England tried to create North American footholds. John Guy was governor of the first settlement at Cuper's Cove. Other settlements were Bristol's Hope, Renews, New Cambriol, South Falkland and Avalon, which was organized as a province in 1623. The first governor given jurisdiction over all of Newfoundland was Sir David Kirke in 1638.
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