Colony of New South Wales
| New South Wales Colony | |||||
| British Crown Colony | |||||
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| Government | Self-governing colony | ||||
| Monarch | |||||
| • | 1788–1820 | George III first | |||
| • | 1855–1900 | Victoria last | |||
| Governor | |||||
| • | 1788–1792 | Arthur Phillip first | |||
| • | 1899–1900 | William Lygon, 7th Earl Beauchamp last | |||
| Legislature | Parliament of New South Wales | ||||
| History | |||||
| • | Established | 1788 | |||
| • | Independence of Van Diemen's Land | 3 December 1825 | |||
| • | Independence of the South Australia Colony | 28 December 1836 | |||
| • | Independence of the Colony of New Zealand | 1 July ? | |||
| • | Independence of the Queensland Colony | 6 June 1859 | |||
| • | Independence of the Victoria Colony | 1 July 1851 | |||
| • | Federation of Australia | 1901 | |||
The colony of New South Wales was a colony of the British Empire from 1788 to 1901, when it became a State in the federal Commonwealth of Australia on 1 January 1901. At its greatest extent, the colony of New South Wales included the present-day Australian states of New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria, Tasmania, South Australia, and New Zealand. The first "responsible" self-government of New South Wales was formed on 6 June 1856 with Sir Stuart Alexander Donaldson appointed by Governor Sir William Denison as its first Colonial Secretary which in those days accounted also as the Premier.
On 18 January 1788, the First Fleet led by Captain Arthur Phillip founded the first British settlement in Australian history as a penal colony. Having set sail on 13 May 1787, Captain Arthur Phillip assumed the role of governor of the settlement upon arrival, until 1792.
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