Claire Lee Chennault
| Claire Lee Chennault | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Born |
September 6, 1893 Commerce, Texas, U.S. |
| Died | July 27, 1958 (aged 64) New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S. |
| Buried at | Arlington National Cemetery, Arlington County, Virginia, U.S. |
| Allegiance |
 United States of America
|
| Service/branch |
 U.S. Army Air Corps (1917–1937)_Logo.svg){kind=logo} Republic of China Air Force (1937–1942) U.S. Army Air Forces (1942–1945) |
| Years of service | 1917–1945 |
| Rank |
 Lieutenant general
|
| Commands held | 1st American Volunteer Group (Flying Tigers) |
| Battles/wars | |
| Awards |
Army Distinguished Service Medal (2) Distinguished Flying Cross (2) Order of the Cloud and Banner Commander of the Order of the British Empire Order of Blue Sky and White Sun |
| Spouse(s) | Nell Thompson (1911-1946) Anna Chennault (née Chen Xiangmei) (1947-1958, his death) |
World War I
Sino-Japanese War
World War II
Claire Lee Chennault (September 6, 1893 – July 27, 1958) was an American military aviator best known for his leadership of the "Flying Tigers" and the Republic of China Air Force in World War II. Chennault was a fierce advocate of "pursuit" or fighter-interceptor aircraft during the 1930s when the U.S. Army Air Corps was focused primarily on high-altitude bombardment. Chennault retired from the United States Army in 1937, and went to work as an aviation adviser and trainer in China. Starting in early 1941, Chennault commanded the 1st American Volunteer Group (nicknamed Flying Tigers). One mission which never came to fruition was the bombing of Japanese cities; the bombers did not arrive before Pearl Harbor. (B-29's started bombing from China in 1944, but they were not under Chennault's command.) He headed both the volunteer group and the uniformed U.S. Air Force units that replaced it in 1942. He feuded constantly with General Joseph Stilwell, the U.S. Army commander in China, and helped China's leader Chiang Kai-shek to convince President Roosevelt to remove Stilwell in 1944. The China-Burma-India theater was strategically essential in order to fix many vital elements of the Imperial Japanese Army on the Chinese mainland to limit their use against Allied forces advancing towards Japan in the two Pacific campaigns.
Chennault's surname is of French origin and it is often pronounced as "Shen-O". However, his American family pronounced the surname as "Shen-Awlt".
Chennault was born in Commerce, Texas, to John Stonewall Jackson Chennault and Jessie (nėe Lee) Chennault. He grew up in the Louisianan towns of Gilbert and Waterproof. He began misrepresenting his year of birth as either 1889 or 1890, possibly because he was too young to attend college after he graduated from high school, so his father added three years to his age.
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