United States Army Air Forces

United States Army Air Forces
Army Air Forces shoulder sleeve insignia
Active	June 20, 1941–September 18, 1947
Country	United States of America
Branch	United States Army
Type	Air force
Role	Aerial warfare
Size	2.4 million members (March 1944) 80,000 aircraft (July 1944)
Part of	U.S. Department of War
Garrison/HQ	Munitions Building, Washington, D.C., (1941-1942) The Pentagon, Arlington, Virginia, (1942–1947)
Disbanded	18 September 1947
Commanders
Notable commanders	Gen. Henry H. ("Hap") Arnold, (1941–1946) Gen. Carl Spaatz, (1946–1947)

The United States Army Air Forces (USAAF or AAF) was the military aviation service of the United States of America during and immediately after World War II, successor to the United States Army Air Corps and the direct predecessor of the United States Air Force. The AAF were a component of the United States Army, which in 1942 was divided functionally by executive order into three autonomous forces: the Army Ground Forces, the Services of Supply (which in 1943 became the Army Service Forces), and the Army Air Forces. Each of these forces had a commanding general who reported directly to the Army Chief of Staff.

The AAF administered all parts of military aviation formerly distributed among the Air Corps, General Headquarters Air Force, and the ground forces' corps area commanders, and thus became the first air organization of the U.S. Army to control its own installations and support personnel. The peak size of the AAF during the Second World War was over 2.4 million men and women in service and nearly 80,000 aircraft by 1944, and 783 domestic bases in December 1943. By "V-E Day", the Army Air Forces had 1.25 million men stationed overseas and operated from more than 1,600 airfields worldwide.

The Army Air Forces were created in June 1941 to provide the air arm a greater autonomy in which to expand more efficiently, to provide a structure for the additional command echelons required by a vastly increased force, and to end an increasingly divisive administrative battle within the Army over control of aviation doctrine and organization that had been ongoing since the creation of an aviation section within the Army Signal Corps in 1914. The AAF succeeded both the Air Corps, which had been the statutory military aviation branch since 1926, and the GHQ Air Force, which had been activated in 1935 to quiet the demands of airmen for an independent Air Force.