Civil War in Finland

Finnish Civil War

Tampere's civilian buildings destroyed in the civil war.

Date	27 January – 15 May 1918 (3 months, 2 weeks and 4 days)
Location	Finland
Result	Victory of the Whites German hegemony until 11 November 1918 Division in Finnish society

Belligerents

Finnish Whites

German Empire
Swedish, Estonian, Polish volunteers

Finnish Reds

Soviet Russia

Commanders and leaders

C.G.E. Mannerheim
Hannes Ignatius
Ernst Linder
Ernst Löfström
Martin Wetzer
Karl Wilkman
Rüdiger von der Goltz
Hans von Tschirsky und von Bögendorff
Konrad Wolf
Otto von Brandenstein
Hugo Meurer
Hjalmar Frisell
Harald Hjalmarson
Hans Kalm

Stanislaw Prus-Boguslawski

Ali Aaltonen
Eero Haapalainen
Eino Rahja
Adolf Taimi
Evert Eloranta
Kullervo Manner
August Wesley
Hugo Salmela
Heikki Kaljunen
Fredrik Johansson
Verner Lehtimäki
Konstantin Yeremejev
Mikhail Svechnikov

Georgij Bulatsel

Strength

White Guards 80,000–90,000
Jägers 1,450
Imperial German Army 14,000
Swedish Brigade 1,000
Estonian volunteers
Polish Legion 1,737

Red Guards 80,000–90,000 (2,000 women)
Former Russian Imperial Army 7,000–10,000

Casualties and losses

Whites
3,500 killed in action
1,650 executed
46 missing
4 POW deaths
Swedes
55 killed in action
Germans
450–500 killed in action
Total
5,700–5,800 casualties (100–200 neutral/"white" civilians)

Reds
5,700 killed in action
10,000 executed
1,150 missing
12,500 POWs deceased, 700 acute deaths after release
Russians
800–900 killed in action
1,600 executed
Total
32,500 casualties (100–200 neutral/"red" civilians)

Finnish Whites

Finnish Reds

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