Chuvans
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| (1,300 (est.)) | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
 Russia: 1,087 (2002) Ukraine: 226 (2001)
|
|
| Languages | |
| Russian, Chukchi (formerly Chuvan) | |
| Religion | |
| Russian Orthodoxy | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Russians, Yukaghir, Koryaks, Chukchi, Evens |
Chuvans (Russian: чува́нцы) are one of the forty or so "less-numerous peoples of the North" recognized by the Russian government. Most Chuvans today live within Chukotka Autonomous Okrug in the far northeast of Russia. Based on first-hand field research by several ethnographers in the 1990s, people who self-identify as Chuvans seem to do so by living in small villages and in the tundra in areas that are primarily associated with reindeer herding.
Historical accounts describe the Chuvans as a people in Siberia, belonging to the Yukaghir group. They roamed along the upper tributaries of the Anadyr River and Anyuy River in the 17th century. The Chuvans were engaged in hunting, fishing and reindeer-breeding. In the 18th century, some Chuvans retreated to the Kolyma River following attacks by the Chukchi. There they gradually russified. The other part was assimilated by the Koryaks and Chukchis. According to the 2002 Russian Census, there were 1087 Chuvans in Russia.
The Chuvan language is extinct. Many Chuvans speak the Chukchi language in addition to Russian, and some have intermarried with the Chukchis. On the other hand, some, such as those living in the town of Markovo on the Anadyr River, neither herd reindeer nor are they able to speak Chukchi.
Ethnographic maps shows the Chuvans as the indigenous population of the Chuvanskoye village some 100 km west of Markovo.
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Wikipedia