Chlorphenamine
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| Clinical data | |
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| Trade names | Chlor-Trimeton; Piriton |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a682543 |
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| Routes of administration |
Oral, IV, IM, SC |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 25 to 50% |
| Protein binding | 72% |
| Metabolism | Hepatic (CYP2D6) |
| Biological half-life | 21–27 hours |
| Excretion | Renal |
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| ChEMBL | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.004.596 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C16H19ClN2 |
| Molar mass | 274.788 g/mol |
| 3D model (Jmol) | |
| Solubility in water | 0.55 g/100 mL, liquid mg/mL (20 °C) |
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Chlorphenamine (INN), also called chlorpheniramine (USAN and former BAN), commonly marketed in the form of chlorphenamine maleate, is a first-generation alkylamine antihistamine used in the prevention of the symptoms of allergic conditions such as rhinitis and urticaria. Its sedative effects are relatively weak compared to other first-generation antihistamines. Chlorphenamine is one of the most commonly used antihistamines in small-animal veterinary practice. Although not generally approved as an antidepressant or anti-anxiety medication, chlorphenamine appears to have these properties as well.
Chlorphenamine is part of a series of antihistamines including pheniramine (Naphcon) and its halogenated derivatives and others including fluorpheniramine, dexchlorpheniramine (Polaramine), brompheniramine (Dimetapp), dexbrompheniramine (Drixoral), deschlorpheniramine, triprolidine (Actifed), and iodopheniramine.
The halogenated alkylamine antihistamines all exhibit optical isomerism, and chlorphenamine in the indicated products is racemic chlorphenamine maleate, whereas dexchlorpheniramine is the dextrorotary stereoisomer.
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