Chiyou
| Chiyou | |||||||||
Chi You as depicted on a tomb relief of the Han dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE)
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| Chinese name | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 蚩尤 | ||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 蚩尤 | ||||||||
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| Korean name | |||||||||
| Hangul | 치우 | ||||||||
| Hanja | 蚩尤 | ||||||||
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| Hmong (Miao) name | |||||||||
| Hmong (Miao) | Txiv Yawg | ||||||||
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Chīyóu |
| Wade–Giles | Ch'ih yu |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization | chi u |
| McCune–Reischauer | ch'i u |
Chiyou (蚩尤) was a tribal leader of the ancient Nine Li tribe (九黎) during ancient China. He is best known as the tyrant who fought against the then-future Yellow Emperor during the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors era in Chinese mythology. For the Hmong people, Chiyou (RPA White Hmong: Txiv Yawg /cʰi jaɨ/) was a sagacious mythical king. Chiyou has a particularly complex and controversial ancestry, as he may fall under Dongyi,Miao or even Man depending on the source and view. Today, Chiyou is honored and worshipped as the God of War and one of the three legendary founding fathers of China.
According to the Song dynasty history book Lushi (路史), Chiyou's surname was Jiang (姜), and he was a descendant of Yandi.
According to legend, Chiyou had a bronze head with metal foreheads. He had 4 eyes and 6 arms, wielding terrible sharp weapons in every hand. In some sources, Chiyou had certain features associated with various mythological bovines: his head was that of a bull with two horns, although the body was that of a human. He is said to have been unbelievably fierce, and to have had 81 brothers. Historical sources often described him as 'cruel and greedy', as well as 'tyrannical'. Some sources have asserted that the figure 81 should rather be associated with 81 clans in his kingdom. Chiyou knows the constellations and the ancients spells for calling upon the weather. For example, he called upon a fog to surround Huangdi and his soldiers during the Battle of Zhuolu.
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Wikipedia