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Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor

Charles VI & III
Johann Gottfried Auerbach 002.JPG
Emperor Charles VI, in the regalia of the Order of the Golden Fleece
(by Martin van Meytens)
Reign 12 October 1711 – 20 October 1740
Coronation 22 December 1711, Frankfurt
Predecessor Joseph I
Successor Charles VII
Born (1685-10-01)1 October 1685
Hofburg Palace, Vienna
Died 20 October 1740(1740-10-20) (aged 55)
Palais Augarten, Vienna
Burial Imperial Crypt
Spouse Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Issue
Detail
Maria Theresa, Holy Roman Empress
Archduchess Maria Anna
Archduchess Maria Amalia
Full name
German: Karl Franz Joseph Wenzel Balthasar Johann Anton Ignaz
House Habsburg
Father Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor
Mother Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg
Religion Roman Catholicism
Signature
Full name
German: Karl Franz Joseph Wenzel Balthasar Johann Anton Ignaz

Charles VI (1 October 1685 – 20 October 1740; German: Karl VI.) succeeded his elder brother, Joseph I, as Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia (as Charles II), King of Hungary and Croatia (as Charles III), and King of Serbia, Archduke of Austria, etc., in 1711. He unsuccessfully claimed the throne of Spain as Charles III following the death of its ruler, and Charles's relative, Charles II of Spain, in 1700. He married Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, by whom he had his two children: Maria Theresa, born 1717, the last Habsburg sovereign, and Maria Anna, born 1718, Governess of the Austrian Netherlands.

Four years before the birth of Maria Theresa, faced with his lack of male heirs, Charles provided for a male-line succession failure with the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713. The Emperor favoured his own daughters over those of his elder brother and predecessor, Joseph I, in the succession, ignoring the decree he had signed during the reign of his father, Leopold I. Charles sought the other European powers' approval. They exacted harsh terms: Britain demanded that Austria abolish its overseas trading company. In total, Great Britain, France, Saxony-Poland, the Dutch Republic, Spain,Venice,States of the Church,Prussia,Russia, Denmark,Savoy-Sardinia,Bavaria, and the Diet of the Holy Roman Empire recognised the sanction. France, Spain, Saxony-Poland, Bavaria and Prussia later reneged. Charles died in 1740, sparking the War of the Austrian Succession, which plagued his successor, Maria Theresa, for eight years.


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