The Chapleau Crown Game Preserve is a fur bearing animal preserve area in Ontario, Canada, north-east of Lake Superior. It covers some 7,000 square kilometres (2,700 sq mi) in the Algoma and Sudbury Districts, and is officially classified as a Crown Game Preserve by the Government of Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources.
All animals are protected from hunting and trapping in the preserve since its formation in 1925.
The game preserve is bound by the Canadian National Railway to the north, the Chapleau River to the east, the Canadian Pacific Railway to the south, and by the Algoma Central Railway to the west. It encompasses Pichogen River Provincial Park and part of Missinaibi Provincial Park, whereas the Chapleau-Nemegosenda River Provincial Park is on its eastern boundary:
"An Order-in-Council dated May 27, 1925 designated all that territory bounded on the south by the Canadian Pacific Railway from Chapleau to Franz, on the west by the Algoma Central and Hudson Bay Railway from Franz to Oba, on the north by the Canadian National Railways from Oba to the hamlet of Agate near Elsas, and on the east by the Chapleau or Kebsquasheshing River from Agate to the place of the commencement as the “Chapleau Crown Game Preserve" - Vince Chrichton - 'The History of the Chapleau Crown Game Preserve' Found in Ontario Archives. The border was changed slightly in 1930. It was moved a few miles east from Agate to Kapuskasing Station which today is known as Elsas.
The area is the homeland of the Ojibwa and Cree people of Northern Ontario, where they would not only hunt and fish, but had a rich culture and relationship to the landscape. Several sites with pictographs still testify to their past presence, especially Fairy Point on Missinaibi Lake.