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Changsha, China

Changsha
长沙市
Prefecture-level city
Clockwise from top: Skyline of Changsha, Yuehu Park, Huangxing South Pedestrian Street, Aiwan Pavillion
Clockwise from top: Skyline of Changsha, Yuehu Park, Huangxing South Pedestrian Street, Aiwan Pavillion
Nickname(s): "星城" (Star City)
Motto: "心忧天下,敢为人先"
(Care About the World, Dare to Be Pioneer)
Location of Changsha City in Hunan
Location of Changsha City in Hunan
Changsha is located in Hunan
Changsha
Changsha
Location of Changsha City in Hunan
Coordinates: 28°11′46″N 112°58′20″E / 28.19611°N 112.97222°E / 28.19611; 112.97222Coordinates: 28°11′46″N 112°58′20″E / 28.19611°N 112.97222°E / 28.19611; 112.97222
Country China
Province Hunan
Municipal seat Yuelu District
Divisions 9 County-level divisions, 172 Township divisions
Government
 • Party Secretary Yi Lianhong
 • Mayor Hu Henghua
Area
 • Prefecture-level city 11,819 km2 (4,563 sq mi)
 • Urban 1,917 km2 (740 sq mi)
 • Metro 3,914 km2 (1,511 sq mi)
Elevation 63 m (207 ft)
Population (2015)
 • Prefecture-level city 7,431,800
 • Density 630/km2 (1,600/sq mi)
 • Urban 5,288,800
 • Urban density 2,800/km2 (7,100/sq mi)
 • Metro 4,597,134
 • Metro density 1,200/km2 (3,000/sq mi)
 • Rank in China 19th
Ethnicity
 • Han 99.22%
 • Minorities 0.78%
Time zone China Standard (UTC+8)
Postal code 410000
Area code(s) 0731
GDP Total (2015) CNY 851 billion
(US$137 billion)
GDP per capita (2015) CNY 115,443
(US$18,535)
GDP growth rate Increase 9.9%
License Plate A
O (police and authorities)
ISO 3166-2 cn-43-01
City tree Camphor
City flower Azalea
Languages Mandarin, Hunanese
Website www.changsha.gov.cn

Changsha ( tsã13 sɔ33 sɿ21; simplified Chinese: 长沙; traditional Chinese: 長沙; pinyin: Chángshā; literally: "Long sandbar" ) is the capital of Hunan province, south central China. It covers 11,819 km2 (4,563 sq mi) and is bordered by Yueyang and Yiyang to the north, Loudi to the west, Xiangtan and Zhuzhou to the south, Yichun and Pingxiang of Jiangxi province to the east. According to 2010 Census, Changsha had 7,044,118 residents, constituting 10.72% of the province's population.

Changsha is located in the Xiang River valley plain, bordering on Luoxiao Mountains on the east, Wuling Mountains on the west, edging in Dongting Lake on the north and bounded on the south by Hengshan Mountains. It has a moist monsoon climate of the subtropical zone. The average annual air temperature is 16.8–17.3 °C and the rainfall 1,358.6–1,552.5 mm.

Changsha is a famous historical and cultural city with a history of over 3,000 years. Changsha is famous for that it was the capital of Changsha State in the Han Dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD), and the capital of Chu State (907–951) in Ten Kingdoms period. The lacquerware and Silk Texts recovered from Mawangdui (2nd century BC) there are an indication of the richness of local craft traditions. In 1904, Changsha was opened to foreign trade, and large numbers of Europeans and Americans settled there. Changsha was the site of Mao Zedong's conversion to communism. It was also the scene of major battles in the Sino-Japanese War (1931–1945) and was briefly occupied by the Japanese. Nowadays, Changsha is an important commercial, manufacturing and transportation center in China.


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