Chaitén

Chaitén
Town and Commune
The town of Chaitén in 2007
Coat of arms Location of Chaitén commune in Los Lagos Region Chaitén Location in Chile
Coordinates (city): 42°55′0″S 72°42′0″W / 42.91667°S 72.70000°W / -42.91667; -72.70000Coordinates: 42°55′0″S 72°42′0″W / 42.91667°S 72.70000°W / -42.91667; -72.70000
Country	Chile
Region	Los Lagos
Province	Palena
Founded	1933
Evacuated	May 2008
Government
• Type	Municipality
• Alcalde	Pedro Vásquez Celedón (ILE)
Area
• Town and Commune	8,470.5 km2 (3,270.5 sq mi)
Elevation	12 m (39 ft)
Population (2012 census)
• Town and Commune	3,347
• Density	0.40/km2 (1.0/sq mi)
• Urban	4,065
Time zone	CLT (UTC-4)
• Summer (DST)	CLST (UTC-3)
Area code(s)	country 56 + city = 65
Climate	Cfb
Website	www.munichaiten.cl

Chaitén (/tʃaɪˈtɛn/, chahy-TEN) is a Chilean town, commune and former capital of the Palena Province in Los Lagos Region. The town is north of the mouth of Yelcho River, on the east coast of the Gulf of Corcovado. The town is strategically close to the northern end of the Carretera Austral, where the highway goes inland. The Desertores Islands are part of the commune.

The town was evacuated in May 2008 when the Chaitén volcano erupted for the first time in more than 9,000 years. The eruption, which commenced May 2, became more violent on May 5, throwing up a high plume of ash and sulfurous steam that rose to 19 miles (31 km), from which ashfall drifted across Patagonia and over the Atlantic Ocean. During 2005 small earthquakes occurred below Chaitén and the nearby Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault Zone.

The town was completely flooded on May 12, 2008, after a lahar caused the banks of the Blanco River to overflow about 200 m (660 ft) on each side. Over the subsequent weeks, the river excavated a new course through Chaitén, completely destroying a significant part of it by July 2008. This process is still ongoing; it is unclear how extensive the damage will ultimately be. Some defensive work has been undertaken by the government, but they ultimately decided to abandon the town, relocating and compensating all residents. The provincial capital was provisionally moved to Futaleufú after the eruption breakout, but the capital shift was later on declared permanent. The future of the town has become a matter of political controversy in Chile.