Cerro Mesa Ahumada
| Cerro Mesa Ahumada | |
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Cerro Mesa Ahumada
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| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 2,250 m (7,380 ft) |
| Coordinates | 19°31′58″N 99°07′50″W / 19.53278°N 99.13056°WCoordinates: 19°31′58″N 99°07′50″W / 19.53278°N 99.13056°W |
| Naming | |
| Translation | Mesa Ahumada Hill (Spanish) |
| Geography | |
| Location | Tequixquiac, Apaxco, ; State of Mexico |
Cerro Mesa Ahumada (Mesa Ahumada Hill) or Cerro Colorado, is a hill located in the north of State of Mexico, in the borough of municipality of Tequixquiac and bordering the municipalities of Apaxco and in the State of Mexico. The hill has a height of 2,250 metres (7,380 ft) above sea level. The mountain is located at a southern pass leading out of the Mezquital Valley.
Historically the small mountain had springs, but they have dried up. The land is volcanic rock, the age or edaphology is the durisol, phaeozem and vertisol, is soil classification.
On the high mesa, there is archeological site named Los Mogotes. This place was occupied by Otomian-Nahua tribes, here not exist only a few simple pre-Hispanic basements on the northwest side of the mesa, there are also petroglyphs on the rocks. This site was discover in 1984 by local people, is located in hillside of Mesa to 2250 msnm. when archeologists from INAH visited this area.
Los Mogotes has got 8 basements and small platform, these correspond to the so-called Coyotlatelco and Mazapa of late classic or epiclassical period (800-1000 a.C), this site was probably built for military activities for lookouts by Chichimeca people with astronomical observations, funeral activities and housing. The place has suffered looting, but were found some obsidian, stone utensils, human bones and mud bows.
In east hillsides have got petroglyphs, are anthropomorphic figures of men and women, the engraving of a tonatiuh or tonalli, an ollin nahui, and concentric cross symbols that probably represent stars or locations. The surroundings of the mesa was bound by many nomadic groups, soldiers and merchants, so it was a must watch and defense for the watchpoint because on the mesa the valleys are observed. In Tequixquiac (altepetl) many clashes occurred with Otomis, Aztecs, Tlaxcaltecs, Texcoco and Otumba people, the site on the mesa was necessary for watch people and warriors.
Cerro Mesa Ahumada is Central Mexican Plateau, here there is a diversity in plants and animals of template and semi-desertic climate.
The native plants are centuryplant, cholla, pickly pear, golden barrel, fencepost cactus, billberry cactus, Mexican creeping zinnia, creosote bush, pepicha, creeping false holly, tule, reed, barrel cactus, fern, trees as kidneywood tree, mesquite, netleaf oak, tepozán, needle bush, fruit trees as tejocote, capulin, white sapote and foreign trees as pirul and eucalypt.
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