Central and Western district

Central and Western 中西區
District
Central and Western District
Day view of the Central and Western District skyline
Official emblem
Location within Hong Kong
Coordinates: 22°17′12″N 114°09′18″E / 22.28666°N 114.15497°E / 22.28666; 114.15497Coordinates: 22°17′12″N 114°09′18″E / 22.28666°N 114.15497°E / 22.28666; 114.15497
Country	Hong Kong
Division	Hong Kong Island
Government
• District Officer	Eliza Yau
• District Council Chairman	David Yip
Area
• Total	12.52 km2 (4.83 sq mi)
• Land	12.40 km2 (4.79 sq mi)
• Water	.12 km2 (0.05 sq mi)  1%
Population (2011)
• Total	251,519
• Density	20,000/km2 (52,000/sq mi)
Time zone	Hong Kong Time (UTC+8)
Website	Central and Western District

Central and Western District
Central, Hong Kong
Traditional Chinese	中西區
Simplified Chinese	中西区
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Zhōngxī Qū Yue: Cantonese Yale Romanization Jūng Sāi Kēui Jyutping Zung1 Sai1 Keoi1

The Central and Western District (Chinese: 中西區) located on northern part of Hong Kong Island is one of the 18 administrative districts of Hong Kong. It had a population of 251,519 in 2011. The district has the most educated residents with the second highest income and the third lowest population due to its relatively small size.

Central is the central business district and the core urban area of Hong Kong. Western District covers Shek Tong Tsui, Kennedy Town and Sai Ying Pun, and was part of the City of Victoria, the earliest urban settlement in colonial Hong Kong.

Central District, as Victoria City, was the first area of planned urban development in Hong Kong during the colonial era. The British held a land sale in June 1841, six months after the flag was raised at Possession Point. A total of 51 lots of land were sold to 23 merchant houses to build offices and warehouses. The property buyers included Dent's, Jardine's, Russell's and Olyphant's. At the time, the two roads Albany Nullah (now Garden Road) and Glenealy Nullah (now Glenealy) were mainly used by the British. The streets later became known as Government Hill.

In 1857, the British government expanded Victoria City and divided it into seven districts. Those located in present-day Central and Western are: Sai Ying Pun, Sheung Wan, Tai Ping Shan, Central. The area was essentially a European area until 1860 when Chinese merchants begin buying up European properties around Cochrane, Wellington and Pottinger Streets. The Central district was the principal European business district, hence the arrival of the first major bank HSBC. The Western district was the commercial centre for Chinese businesses. When property values in the district rose, a meeting was held in February 1866 to establish a "District Watch Force" to police and protect this specific area.