Castiglion Fiorentino
| Castiglion Fiorentino | ||
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| Comune | ||
| Città di Castiglion Fiorentino | ||
The valley below Castiglion Fiorentino
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 Castiglion Fiorentino
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| Coordinates: 43°20′38″N 11°55′8″E / 43.34389°N 11.91889°E | ||
| Country | Italy | |
| Region | Tuscany | |
| Province / Metropolitan city | Arezzo (AR) | |
| Frazioni | Brolio, Castroncello, Cozzano, La Badia, La Nave, Mammi, Manciano La Misericordia, Montecchio Vesponi, Noceta, Orzale, Pergognano, Petreto, Pieve di Chio, Pievuccia, Ranchetto, Ristonchia, Santa Cristina, Santa Lucia, Santa Margherita, Senaia. | |
| Government | ||
| • Mayor | Mario Agnelli (elected 26 May 2014) | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 113.19 km2 (43.70 sq mi) | |
| Elevation | 342 m (1,122 ft) | |
| Population (31 December 2013) | ||
| • Total | 13,386 | |
| • Density | 120/km2 (310/sq mi) | |
| Demonym(s) | Castiglionesi | |
| Time zone | CET (UTC+1) | |
| • Summer (DST) | CEST (UTC+2) | |
| Postal code | 52043 | |
| Dialing code | 0575 | |
| Patron saint | Saint Michael the Archangel | |
| Saint day | 8 May | |
| Website | Official website | |
Castiglion Fiorentino (Italian pronunciation: [kastiʎˈʎoɱ fjorenˈtiːno]) is a small, walled city in eastern Tuscany, Italy, in the province of Arezzo, between the cities of Arezzo and Cortona. It is well known for its annual festivals and Etruscan archeological site.
Castiglion Fiorentino lies at the centre of a triangle formed by the cities of Florence, Siena and Perugia. Situated on a hilltop, 345 metres (1,132 ft) above sea level, the town overlooks the Val di Chio and the Preappenines. Slightly more than 13,000 people live in the city (2013). The village of Manciano, known locally as "Misericordia", lies a mile to the west.
Due to the overall infrastructure, town walls, and building architecture, for many years scholars considered the town to have been established in the late medieval time frame. More recent excavations, however, have found the remains of an Etruscan city wall (c. 4th century BC) underneath the current Piazzale del Cassero, and have discovered the remains of an Etruscan temple under one of the town's churches, la chiesa di Sant'Angelo, which was built in the twelfth century.
Documents from the 10th century mention a town named "Castiglione" in the feudal property of the Marquis of Monte Santa Maria. During the following century, the town became a part of the Diocese of Arezzo. From the 12th century the town was a free commune, until 1289 when, in the wake of the battle of Campaldino, it became part of the Republic of Florence. Arezzo and Siena joined forces against the Florentines in later years and reconquered Castiglione Aretino (as it was known then), which was then fortified under the direction of Bishop Guido Tarlati, Lord of Arezzo. Following Tarlati's death in 1336, Florence again gained control of Castiglione, until 1344, when it was acquired by Perugia, and renamed Castiglione Perugino. In 1369 the townspeople revolted against the Perugians, giving themselves to the Papal States; by 1384 the Florentines seized the town and bestowed its current name, Castiglione Fiorentino.
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Wikipedia