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Carl Shurz

Carl Schurz
Carl-Schurz.jpg
13th United States Secretary of the Interior
In office
March 12, 1877 – March 7, 1881
President Rutherford B. Hayes
James A. Garfield
Preceded by Zachariah Chandler
Succeeded by Samuel J. Kirkwood
United States Senator
from Missouri
In office
March 4, 1869 – March 4, 1875
Preceded by John B. Henderson
Succeeded by Francis Cockrell
United States Minister to Spain
In office
July 13, 1861 – December 18, 1861
President Abraham Lincoln
Preceded by William Preston
Succeeded by Gustav Körner
Personal details
Born Carl Christian Schurz
(1829-03-02)March 2, 1829
Liblar, Prussia, Germany (now Erftstadt)
Died May 14, 1906(1906-05-14) (aged 77)
New York City, New York, U.S.
Political party Republican
Spouse(s) Margarethe Meyer
Education University of Bonn (BA)
Signature
Military service
Allegiance Forty-Eighters
 United States
Service/branch  United States Army
 • Union Army
Years of service 1848
1862–1865
Rank Union Army major general rank insignia.svg Major General
Battles/wars Revolutions of 1848
American Civil War

Carl Christian Schurz (German: [ˈkaʁl ˈʃʊʁts]; March 2, 1829 – May 14, 1906) was a German revolutionary, American statesman and reformer, U.S. Minister to Spain, Union Army General in the American Civil War, U.S. Senator, and Secretary of the Interior. He was also an accomplished journalist, newspaper editor and orator, who in 1869 became the first German-born American elected to the United States Senate.

Carl Christian Schurz was born on March 2, 1829 in Liblar (now part of Erftstadt), in Rhenish Prussia, the son of Marianne (née Jussen), a public speaker and journalist, and Christian Schurz, a schoolteacher. He studied at the Jesuit Gymnasium of Cologne, and learned piano under private instructors. Financial problems in his family obligated him to leave school a year early, without graduating. Later he graduated from the gymnasium by passing a special examination and then entered the University of Bonn.

At Bonn, he developed a friendship with one of his professors, Gottfried Kinkel. He joined the nationalistic Studentenverbindung Burschenschaft Franconia at Bonn, which at the time included among its members Friedrich von Spielhagen, Johannes Overbeck, Julius Schmidt, Carl Otto Weber, Ludwig Meyer and Adolf Strodtmann. In response to the early events of the revolutions of 1848, Schurz and Kinkel founded the Bonner Zeitung, a paper advocating democratic reforms. At first Kinkel was the editor and Schurz a regular contributor.


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