Carl Mannich
| Carl Mannich | |
|---|---|
| Born | March 8, 1877 Breslau, Germany |
| Died | March 5, 1947 (aged 69) Karlsruhe, Germany |
| Residence | Germany |
| Nationality | German |
| Fields |
Pharmaceutical chemistry, Organic chemistry |
| Institutions | University of Berlin |
| Known for | Mannich reaction |
Carl Ulrich Franz Mannich (March 8, 1877 in Breslau – March 5, 1947 in Karlsruhe) was a German chemist. From 1927 to 1943 he was professor for pharmaceutical chemistry at the University of Berlin. His areas of expertise were keto bases, alcohol bases, derivatives of piperidine, papaverine, lactones and also Digitalis-glycosides.
The Mannich reaction was named after his discovery of the mechanism in 1912.
Mannich visited High school in Weimar and later on in Berlin where he left without reaching the school graduation. He took an internship at a pharmacy in Berlin instead. From 1898, he studied in Marburg and Berlin and received his doctorate in 1903 in Basel. In 1905 he did his matriculation examination and made the state examination for food chemistry. 1907 he completed his habilitation at the University of Berlin in 1910 after which he was appointed to an extraordinary Professor. From 1911 till 1917 Mannich became extraordinary Professor for Pharmaceutical Chemistry in Göttingen and went 1920 to Frankfurt. Between 1927 and 1943 Mannich was Professor of Pharmaceutical Chemistry at the University of Berlin. In the years between 1932 and 1934 he was President of the “Deutsche Pharmazeutische Gesellschaft (DPhG)”. In the winter semester 1946/1947, he took over the Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry at TH Karlsruhe.
Mannich is well known for his discovery of a special form of amino alkylation which was named after him Mannich reaction. Because of this synthesis method he was able to produce substances which until then were otherwise difficult to access like 1,3 Ketamine. In 1912 Mannich was able to describe the first synthetical morphine glucoside. He also dedicated the opium alkaloids a series of works in 1917 and gave a method for the production of pure opium extracts. Mannich developed also a method for the determination of morphine in opium, which allowed a precise determination of effective doses, without having to resort to complex physiological individual tests. With his synthesis, he contributed to the enlightenment of the structure of morphine. Due to the introduction of multiple testing and detection methods, such as methods for polarimetric determination of starch, which for the detection of boric acid in food or the amount of ethanol in alcoholic beverages, the applied Pharmacy owes Mannich a lot.
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