Capitani Romani-class cruiser
Cruiser Scipione Africano
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| Class overview | |
|---|---|
| Operators: | |
| Built: | 1939–1942 |
| In commission: | 1942–1980 |
| Planned: | 12 |
| Completed: | 4 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type: | Light cruiser/destroyer leader |
| Displacement: |
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| Length: | 142.2 m (466 ft 6 in) overall |
| Beam: | 14.4 m (47 ft 3 in) |
| Draught: | 4.1 m (13 ft 5 in) |
| Propulsion: |
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| Speed: | |
| Range: | 4,350 nmi (8,060 km) at 18 kn (21 mph; 33 km/h), 1,400 tons of fuel oil |
| Complement: | 418 |
| Sensors and processing systems: |
Gufo radar |
| Armament: |
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The Capitani Romani class was a class of light cruisers of the Italian navy. They were essentially designed to outrun and outgun the large new French destroyers of the Le Fantasque and Mogador classes. Twelve hulls were ordered in late 1939, but only four were completed, just three of these before the Italian armistice in 1943. The ships were named after prominent Ancient Romans.
The Capitani Romani class were originally classed as "ocean scouts" (Esploratori Oceanici), although some authors consider them to have been heavy destroyers. In fact, after the war the two units still in service were reclassified caccia conduttori (Italian for flotilla leaders).
The design was fundamentally a light, almost unarmoured hull with a large power plant and cruiser style armament. The original design was modified to sustain the prime requirements of speed and firepower. Given their machinery development of 93,210 kW (125,000 hp), equivalent to that of the 17,000 ton cruisers of the Des Moines class, the target speed was over 41 knots (76 km/h), but the ships were left virtually unarmoured. As a result, the three completed warships achieved 43 knots (80 km/h) during trials. The Capitani Romani class vessels shipped a main battery of eight 135 mm guns guns, with a rate of fire of eight rounds per minute and a range of 19,500 m. They also carried eight 533 mm torpedo tubes. The wartime load dropped the operational speed by one to five knots, depending on the source.
Only Scipione Africano saw combat. Equipped with the Italian-developed EC.3 Gufo radar, she detected and engaged four British Elco motor torpedo boats lurking five miles ahead during the night of 17 July 1943, while passing the Messina straits at high speed off Punta Posso. She sank MTB 316 and heavily damaged MTB 313 between Reggio di Calabria and Pellaro. A dozen British seamen lost their lives in this action. The engagement lasted no more than three minutes.Scipione Africano suffered minor damage and two injures when German and Italian batteries deployed along the Italian coast opened fire in the aftermath. The cruiser had been ordered from La Spezia to Taranto, which she eventually reached at 9:46 AM. Her high speed was decisive to the outcome of the battle.
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Wikipedia