Cao Yu (Three Kingdoms)
| Cao Yu | |
|---|---|
| Prince of Cao Wei | |
| Born | (Unknown) |
| Died | 278 |
| Names | |
| Traditional Chinese | 曹宇 |
| Simplified Chinese | 曹宇 |
| Pinyin | Cáo Yǔ |
| Wade–Giles | Ts'ao Yü |
| Courtesy name | Pengzu (Chinese: 彭祖; pinyin: Péngzǔ; Wade–Giles: P'eng-tsu) |
Cao Yu (died 278), courtesy name Pengzu, was a prince in the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. He was a son of Cao Cao, a warlord who rose to power towards the end of the Han dynasty and laid the foundation of Wei. Cao Yu's son, Cao Huan, was the fifth and last emperor of Wei.
Cao Yu was a son of Cao Cao and his concubine Lady Huan (環夫人). He had two brothers who were also born to Lady Huan – Cao Chong and Cao Ju (曹據). He was enfeoffed as a "Marquis of a Chief District" (都鄉侯) in 211 during the reign of Emperor Xian in the Eastern Han dynasty, and was promoted to "Marquis of Luyang" (魯陽侯) in 217.
In 221, a year after Cao Yu's elder half-brother, Cao Pi, ended the Han dynasty and established the state of Cao Wei, Cao Yu became a duke, and was conferred the title of "Prince of Xiapi" (下邳王) in the following year. In 224, his princedom was changed from Xiapi (下邳; present-day Pizhou, Xuzhou, Jiangsu) to Shanfu County (單父縣; present-day Shan County, Heze, Shandong).
In 232, during the reign of Cao Rui (Cao Pi's son and successor), Cao Yu received the title of "Prince of Yan" (燕王). Cao Rui had been very close to Cao Yu in his childhood and he favoured the latter, so he treated Cao Yu exceptionally after ascending the throne in 226 upon his father's death. In 235, Cao Yu was summoned to serve in the Wei imperial court. He returned to Ye (鄴; in present-day Handan, Hebei) in 237, but was summoned back to the Wei capital Luoyang in the summer of 238. Cao Rui became seriously ill in the winter of 238 and he appointed Cao Yu as "General-in-Chief" (大將軍) in the hope that Cao Yu would assist his successor in governing the state. After serving as General-in-Chief for four days, Cao Yu had the intention of resigning. At the same time, Cao Rui had also changed his mind so he relieved Cao Yu of his duty. Cao Yu returned to Ye in the summer of 239 after Cao Rui's death.
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