CYBB

CYBB
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 3A1F
Identifiers
Aliases	CYBB, AMCBX2, CGD, GP91-1, GP91-PHOX, GP91PHOX, IMD34, NOX2, p91-PHOX, cytochrome b-245 beta chain
External IDs	OMIM: 300481 MGI: 88574 HomoloGene: 68054 GeneCards: CYBB
Gene location (Human) Chr. X chromosome (human) Band Xp21.1-p11.4 Start 37,780,011 bp End 37,813,461 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. X chromosome (mouse) Band X|X A1.1 Start 9,435,252 bp End 9,487,771 bp
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • flavin adenine dinucleotide binding • superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase activity • metal ion binding • voltage-gated ion channel activity • protein binding • heme binding • protein heterodimerization activity • electron carrier activity • oxidoreductase activity Cellular component • cytoplasm • integral component of membrane • phagocytic vesicle membrane • membrane • plasma membrane • integral component of plasma membrane • NADPH oxidase complex • mitochondrion • perinuclear region of cytoplasm • phagocytic vesicle • Golgi apparatus • endoplasmic reticulum • neuronal cell body • intracellular • endoplasmic reticulum membrane • rough endoplasmic reticulum • dendrite • nuclear envelope • specific granule membrane • tertiary granule membrane Biological process • antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I, TAP-dependent • regulation of ion transmembrane transport • ion transport • cell redox homeostasis • superoxide anion generation • respiratory burst • vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway • hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process • innate immune response • inflammatory response • oxidation-reduction process • superoxide metabolic process • cellular response to L-glutamine • positive regulation of angiogenesis • response to angiotensin • response to nutrient • cellular response to hypoxia • hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha signaling pathway • cellular response to cadmium ion • cellular response to ethanol • response to drug • response to aldosterone • positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process • neutrophil degranulation • cellular response to oxidative stress • electron transport chain Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	1536	13058
Ensembl	ENSG00000165168	ENSMUSG00000015340
UniProt	P04839	Q61093
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_000397	NM_007807
RefSeq (protein)	NP_000388	NP_031833
Location (UCSC)	Chr X: 37.78 – 37.81 Mb	Chr X: 9.44 – 9.49 Mb
PubMed search

3A1F

1536

13058

ENSG00000165168

ENSMUSG00000015340

P04839

Q61093

NM_000397

NM_007807

NP_000388

NP_031833

Cytochrome b-245 heavy chain also known as cytochrome b(558) subunit beta or NADPH oxidase 2 or Nox2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CYBB gene. The protein is a super-oxide generating enzyme which forms reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Nox2, or Cytochrome b (-245) is composed of (CYBA) and beta (CYBB) chain. It has been proposed as a primary component of the microbicidal oxidase system of phagocytes.

Also, many of the functions for Nox2 are linked through the many functions of NADPH oxidase since Nox2 is one of the several isoforms of the gp91^phox catalytic subunit of NADPH oxidase.

There has been recent evidence that shows that it plays an important role in atherosclerotic lesion development in the aortic arch, thoracic, and abdominal aorta.

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Wikipedia