Burghausen, Altötting
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View of the city
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 Burghausen
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Location of Burghausen within Altötting district
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| Coordinates: 48°10′N 12°50′E / 48.167°N 12.833°ECoordinates: 48°10′N 12°50′E / 48.167°N 12.833°E | ||
| Country | Germany | |
| State | Bavaria | |
| Admin. region | Oberbayern | |
| District | Altötting | |
| Government | ||
| • Mayor | Hans Steindl (SPD) | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 19.85 km2 (7.66 sq mi) | |
| Elevation | 421 m (1,381 ft) | |
| Population (2015-12-31) | ||
| • Total | 18,259 | |
| • Density | 920/km2 (2,400/sq mi) | |
| Time zone | CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2) | |
| Postal codes | 84489 8263 | |
| Dialling codes | 08677 | |
| Vehicle registration | AÖ | |
| Website | www.burghausen.de | |
Burghausen (Central Bavarian: Burghausn) is the largest town in the Altötting district of Oberbayern in Germany. It is situated on the Salzach river, near the border with Austria. Burghausen Castle rests along a ridgeline, and is the longest castle in the world (1,043 m).
The oldest mention of Burghausen is documented in the year 1025 as Imperial real property. Emperor Conrad II would later appoint the Counts of Burghausen as the financial administrators of the locality. But, as latest excavations have shown, the area around the main court of Burghausen's castle has at least been inhabited since the Bronze Age. With Archaeologists finding artifacts of the pre-metal Celtic, Iron Age, and Roman era, it is hard to pinpoint a "founding" date. The town has developed over thousands of years, but it is not yet possible to say how long there has been a permanent settlement.
In 1164, Duke Henry the Lion took possession of the castle. The Wittelsbachs took possession of the castle in 1180 and the surrounding valley settlements in 1229. The conferral of town status was presumed at some point, but is not supported by sources. Starting in 1255, after the first division of Bavaria, Burghausen gained political and economic prominence as the second residence of the Lower Bavarian dukes.
Burghausen's main source of income was the trade in salt from Hallein, (modern-day Austria). The salt was brought ashore in Burghausen and transported further overland. The landing spot was at the Mautner castle, which now houses the city's education and cultural centre, hosting adult education classes in photography and jazz as well as crafts and jazz events.
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Wikipedia