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Bumetanide

Bumetanide
Bumetanide structure.svg
Bumetanide ball-and-stick.png
Clinical data
Trade names Bumex
AHFS/Drugs.com Monograph
MedlinePlus a684051
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: B3
  • US: C (Risk not ruled out)
Routes of
administration
oral, intravenous, intramuscular
ATC code C03CA02 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status
  • AU: S4 (Prescription only)
  • UK: POM (Prescription only)
  • US: ℞-only
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability almost complete (~80%)
Protein binding 97%
Metabolism hepatic
Biological half-life ~0.8 hours
Excretion renal
Identifiers
CAS Number 28395-03-1 YesY
PubChem (CID) 2471
IUPHAR/BPS 4837
DrugBank DB00887 YesY
ChemSpider 2377 YesY
UNII 0Y2S3XUQ5H YesY
KEGG D00247 YesY
ChEBI CHEBI:3213 YesY
ChEMBL CHEMBL1072 YesY
ECHA InfoCard 100.044.534
Chemical and physical data
Formula C17H20N2O5S
Molar mass 364.417 g/mol
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
  

Bumetanide (trade names Bumex or Burinex) is a loop diuretic of the sulfamyl category to treat heart failure. It is often used in people in whom high doses of furosemide are ineffective. It is marketed by Hoffmann-La Roche. The main difference between the two substances is in bioavailability and pharmacodynamic potency. Furosemide is incompletely absorbed in the intestine (60%), and there are substantial inter- and intraindividual differences in bioavailability (range 10-90%). Bumetanide is almost completely absorbed (80%), and the absorption is not altered when it is taken with food. It is said to be a more predictable diuretic, meaning that the predictable absorption is reflected in a more predictable effect.

Bumetanide is 40 times more potent than furosemide for patients with normal renal function.

In the brain, bumetanide blocks the NKCC1 cation-chloride co-transporter, and thus decreases internal chloride concentration in neurons. In turn, this concentration change makes the action of GABA more hyperpolarizing, which may be useful for treatment of neonatal seizures, that quite often are not responsive to traditional GABA-targeted treatment, such as barbiturates. Bumetanide is therefore currently under evaluation as a prospective antiepileptic drug.

On October 24, 2008, ESPN reported a number of NFL players were being suspended under the steroid policy as a result of taking bumetanide. The drug is often used for weight loss, but also to mask other drugs or steroids by helping to dilute the contents of the user's urine, yielding a lower concentration of filtered substances which may then go undetected.

Bumetanide was an undisclosed active ingredient in the over the counter weight loss supplement StarCaps. StarCaps was pulled off the market after the presence of the undisclosed ingredient was discovered by the Food and Drug Administration.


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