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GABA

gamma-Aminobutyric acid
Simplified structural formula
GABA molecule
Names
IUPAC name
4-aminobutanoic acid
Identifiers
56-12-2 YesY
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
ChEBI CHEBI:16865 N
ChEMBL ChEMBL96 YesY
ChemSpider 116 YesY
DrugBank DB02530 YesY
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.235
EC Number 200-258-6
1067
KEGG D00058 YesY
MeSH gamma-Aminobutyric+Acid
PubChem 119
RTECS number ES6300000
UNII 2ACZ6IPC6I YesY
Properties
C4H9NO2
Molar mass 103.120 g/mol
Appearance white microcrystalline powder
Density 1.11 g/mL
Melting point 203.7 °C (398.7 °F; 476.8 K)
Boiling point 247.9 °C (478.2 °F; 521.0 K)
130 g/100 mL
log P −3.17
Acidity (pKa) 4.23 (carboxyl), 10.43 (amino)
Hazards
Main hazards Irritant, Harmful
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)
12,680 mg/kg (mouse, oral)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

gamma-Aminobutyric acid (γ-Aminobutyric acid) /ˈɡæmə əˈmnbjuːˈtɪrk ˈæsd/ (also called GABA /ˈɡæbə/ for short) is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. It plays the principal role in reducing neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system. In humans, GABA is also directly responsible for the regulation of muscle tone.

Although in chemical terms it is an amino acid (as it has both a primary amine and a carboxylic acid functional group), GABA is rarely referred to as such in the scientific or medical community. By convention the term "amino acid", when used without a qualifier, refers specifically to an alpha amino acid. GABA is not an alpha amino acid, meaning the amino group is not attached to the alpha carbon so it is not incorporated into proteins.


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