Bronisława Dłuska
| Bronisława Dłuska | |
|---|---|
Bronisława Dłuska (centre right) with her father Władysław Skłodowski (seated) and sisters Maria (left) and (right), 1890
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| Born |
Bronisława Skłodowska 1865 Warsaw, Kingdom of Poland, then part of Russian Empire |
| Died | 15 April 1939 Warsaw, Second Polish Republic |
| Nationality | Polish |
| Occupation | Physician |
| Spouse(s) | Kazimierz Dłuski (1855–1930) m. 1890 |
| Children | Helena Dłuska (1892—1922) Jakub Dłuski (c.1896/7—1903) |
| Awards |
 Order of Polonia Restituta, Gold Cross of Merit, Medal of Independence
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| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Medicine, Oncology |
| Institutions | Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology |
| Education | University of Paris |
| Alma mater | University of Paris |
| Known for | Co-founder and first director of Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology, Warsaw |
Bronisława Dłuska (née Skłodowska, 1865 – 15 April 1939) was a Polish physician, wife of political activist Kazimierz Dłuski, and older sister of physicist Marie Curie. She was a co-founder and the first director of Warsaw's Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology.
Bronisława was born in Warsaw in 1865 to Władysław Skłodowski and Bronisława Skłodowska, both of whom were teachers. The second eldest of five children, she had three sisters; Zofia, , and Maria, and a brother, .
On both the paternal and maternal sides, the family had lost their property and fortunes through patriotic involvements in Polish national uprisings aimed at restoring Poland's independence (the most recent had been the January Uprising of 1863–65). This left the subsequent generation to a difficult struggle to get ahead in life.
Her paternal grandfather, , had been a respected teacher in Lublin, where he taught the young Bolesław Prus, who would become a leading figure in Polish literature. Her father, Władysław Skłodowski, taught mathematics and physics, and was also director of two Warsaw gymnasia for boys. After Russian authorities eliminated laboratory instruction from the Polish schools, he brought much of the laboratory equipment home, and instructed his children in its use.
The father was eventually fired by his Russian supervisors for pro-Polish sentiments, and forced to take lower-paying posts; the family also lost money on a bad investment, and eventually chose to supplement their income by lodging boys in the house. Her mother, Bronisława, operated a prestigious Warsaw boarding school for girls; she resigned from the position after Maria was born. She died of tuberculosis in May 1878, when the young Bronisława was only 13 years old, leaving the teenager, now the eldest woman in the family, to care for Helena, Maria, and Józef. Less than three years earlier, Bronisława's older sister, Zofia, had died of typhus contracted from a boarder.
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