Bromate

Bromate

Identifiers
CAS Number	15541-45-4 N
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:29223 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1161635 N
ChemSpider	76658 Y
PubChem	84979
InChI InChI=1S/BrHO3/c2-1(3)4/h(H,2,3,4)/p-1 Y Key: SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M Y
SMILES OBr(=O)=O
Properties
Chemical formula	BrO− 3
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

The bromate anion, BrO−
3, is a bromine-based oxoanion. A bromate is a chemical compound that contains this ion. Examples of bromates include sodium bromate, (NaBrO
3), and potassium bromate, (KBrO
3).

Bromates are formed many different ways in municipal drinking water. The most common is the reaction of ozone and bromide:

Electrochemical processes, such as electrolysis of brine without a membrane operating to form hypochlorite, will also produce bromate when bromide ion is present in the brine solution.

Photoactivation (sunlight exposure) will encourage liquid or gaseous bromine to generate bromate in bromide-containing water.

In laboratories bromates can be synthesized by dissolving Br
2 in a concentrated solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH). The following reactions will take place (via the intermediate creation of hypobromite):

Bromate in drinking water is undesirable because it is a suspected human carcinogen. Its presence in Coca Cola's Dasani bottled water forced a recall of that product in the UK.

Although few by-products are formed by ozonation, ozone reacts with bromide ions in water to produce bromate. Bromide can be found in sufficient concentrations in fresh water to produce (after ozonation) more than 10 ppb of bromate—the maximum contaminant level established by the USEPA. Proposals to reduce bromate formation include: lowering the water pH below 6.0, limiting the doses of ozone, using an alternate water source with a lower bromide concentration, pretreatment with ammonia and addition of small concentrations of chloramines prior to ozonation.