Border Guard (Poland)
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Polish Border Guard Straż Graniczna |
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Patch of the Polish Border Guard
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Flag of the Polish Border Guard
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| Agency overview | |
| Formed | 12 October 1990 |
| Preceding agencies |
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| Legal personality | Governmental: Government agency |
| Jurisdictional structure | |
| National agency | Poland |
| Governing body | Ministry of the Interior (Poland) |
| General nature |
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| Specialist jurisdictions |
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| Operational structure | |
| Minister responsible | Bartłomiej Sienkiewicz, Minister of the Interior |
| Agency executive | Maj. Gen. Dominik Tracz, Commander in Chief |
| Facilities | |
| Airplanes | PZL-104, PZL M-28 |
| Helicopters | PZL W-3 Sokół |
| Website | |
| http://www.strazgraniczna.pl/ | |
The Polish Border Guard (Polish Straż Graniczna, also abbreviated as SG) is a state security agency tasked with patrolling the Polish border. It existed in the Second Republic era from 1928 to 1939 and was reestablished in the modern-day Third Republic in 1990, going into operation the following year. During the communist era lasting from 1945 to 1989, the role of the border guard was carried out by the Border Guard Army (Wojska Ochrony Pogranicza).
The Straż Graniczna was founded in 1928. During the times of the Second Polish Republic, it was responsible for northern, western and southern border of Poland (with Germany, Free City of Gdańsk, sea border, Czechoslovakia and Romania). Eastern border, often raided by military bands supported by Soviet Union was under the jurisdiction of a separate, military formation (Border Defence Corps, Korpus Ochrony Pogranicza - KOP).
Responsibilities of Straż Graniczna included:
Border Guard was organized in a military style, with uniformed and armed agents. It was controlled by the Ministry of Treasury, Ministry of Internal Affairs, and Ministry of Military Affairs. The highest level of organizational structure of the agency was Main Headquarters (Komenda Glowna), based in Warsaw. It was followed by Regional Inspectorates, Border Inspectorates, stations and posts. It carried out actions through patrols, manning border checkpoints, tracking, rouses and intelligence work. It had its own river and sea flotilla, intelligence academy, and the Main School of Border Guard (Centralna Szkola Strazy Granicznej), which was located firstly in Gora Kalwaria (until 1928), then in Rawa Ruska. The school had a department of training of guard dogs, also located in Rawa Ruska.
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