Bhadrak
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Bhadrak ଭଦ୍ରକ |
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|---|---|
| Town | |
 Bhadrak
 Bhadrak
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| Coordinates: 21°04′N 86°30′E / 21.06°N 86.50°ECoordinates: 21°04′N 86°30′E / 21.06°N 86.50°E | |
| Country |
 India
|
| State | Odisha |
| District | Bhadrak |
| Area | |
| • Total | 78.86 km2 (30.45 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 23 m (75 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 107,369 |
| • Density | 1,400/km2 (3,500/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Odia |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) |
| PIN | 756100 |
| Website | bhadrak |
Bhadrak is a city and a municipality in Bhadrak district in the state of Odisha, India.
As of 2011[update], Bhadrak (ଭଦ୍ରକ) city has a population of 107,369 and Bhadrak district has a population of 15,06,337. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Bhadrak has an average literacy rate of 82.78%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; with 84.65% of males and 62.85% of females literate. 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.
Date of formation 1 April 1993
Area 78.86 km2 (30.45 sq mi)
Bhadrak is an ancient land noted in legends dating from the age of the Puranas. Bhadrak's contribution to Odisha's maritime and agrarian prosperity, trade and commerce down the ages has been recorded in History. An account may be found in Abul Fazal's Ain-e-Akabari. The antiquity of this land is eloquently testified by the gigantic tank of Asura, the Buddhist relics of the Seventh and Eight Centuries discovered in Khadipada and Solampur, the villages of Dhamnagar, the Budddist caves in Sarisua Hill near Kupari and the mysterious temple of Biranchinarayan in the village Palia, a parallel to the Sun Temple at Konark. The last battle to uphold the freedom of Odisha was fought in a village called Gohiratikiri, on the banks of the river Genguti near Dhamnagar in 1568, in which the defeated king Mukunda Dev lost his life. In 1575, the Muslim population settled down in Bhadrak following the discomfiture of the Afghans under Usman at the hand of Raja Mansingh. In the Mughal period Bhadrak remained a subah under the Nawabs of Bengal. When the imperial powers of the Mughals waned, the area consisted of some principalities like Kanika, Ampo and Agarapada with a few administrative sub-units called Chowparhies such as Kubera, Talapada, Nadigaon, Kasimpur, Kurigaon, Bindha etc., all ruled by Kshatriya Chiefs with patriotic temperament.
After the occupation of Odisha, the British in June 1804 constituted one of the two administrative divisions of Cuttack and Balasore. In 1828 when Balasore was made a separate District, Bhadrak become one of its Sub-Division with an Assistant Magistrate cum Deputy Collector as the Sub-Divisional Head, while the Munsif Court remained in Jajpur until 1901.
In modern times, during the period of National struggle Bhadrak became the vanguard. In 1920 when the non-cooperation movement was launched in response to the clarion call of Gandhiji, the boycott of the law court practically resulted in closing down of the court of the 2nd Officer for a whole year. Gandhiji came down to Bhadrak in the last week of March 1921, being impressed with the nationalistic fervour and fighting spirit of the people. In 1922 started the historic mass rebellion of Kanika which for the time being was suppressed with the help of British troops stationed at Bhadrak but ultimately the popular upsurge, under the leadership of Chakradhar Behera, the doyen of Kanika tenants movement triumphed. With the mass civil disobedience movement launched in 1930, Bhadrak once again became vibrant with patriotic zeal, hearts throbbed with the urge for freedom, salt law was defied, a shake up given to the Govt. and success achieved. Dr. Harekrushna Mahatab's role in steering this movement to a crowning success is so great and spectacular that it has become already a part of Bhadrak psyche and history of modern India. Mahatma Gandhi who visited Bhadrak again in 1934 stayed in Mahatab's residence at Nuabazar. Gandhiji addressed a meeting of the Harizan workers in Jibaram Ashram (Nuasahi, Ashram, Garadpur). It was by this time that Banchhanidhi Mohanty of Eram was shaping, stimulating and sensitizing the national consciousness among the people by his patriotic songs.
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