Belushya Guba
| Belushya Guba (English) Белушья Губа (Russian) |
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| - Urban-type settlement - Work settlement |
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 Belushya Guba shown on a map of Novaya Zemlya |
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| Administrative status | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Arkhangelsk Oblast |
| Administrative district | Novaya Zemlya District |
| Municipal status | |
| Urban okrug | Novaya Zemlya Urban Okrug |
| Statistics | |
| Population (2010 Census) | 1,972 inhabitants |
| Time zone | MSK (UTC+03:00) |
| Founded | 1897 |
| Urban-type settlement status since | March 2005 |
Belushya Guba (Russian: Белу́шья Губа́, lit. beluga whale bay), also Belushye is a work settlement and the administrative center of Novaya Zemlya District of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Gusinaya Zemlya peninsula of the Yuzhny Island of the Novaya Zemlya arctic archipelago. Its population was reported as 1,972 (2010 Census), a decline of more than 20% from 2,622 (2002 Census).
It is the main permanent settlement of the island territory of Novaya Zemlya. A large proportion of its population is made up of military personnel associated with the nuclear test sites located on the island.
The whole Novaya Zemlya archipelago, including Belushya Guba, is an area of restricted access (formally, as part of border security zone), and a special permit is needed to visit the archipelago.
About 9 kilometers (5.6 mi) northeast of Belushya Guba is the settlement of Rogachevo, the second largest in the archipelago, along with the Rogachevo airbase.
Upon visiting Novaya Zemlya in 1894, Arkhangelsk Governor Aleksandr Engelgardt decided to create a new encampment. In 1896, an expedition conducted a survey of the west coast of Novaya Zemlya. The following year Belushya Guba was founded.
During World War II, Belushya Guba was a focus of both German and Soviet attention. German U-boats used Belushya Bay as a resting area in 1941. The German military contemplated establishing a weather station or other land-based facilities nearby, but increasing Soviet military presence in the area prevented that. On July 27, 1942, German submarine U-601 shelled Malye Karmakuly near Belushia Bay, damaging seaplanes, living huts, and storage huts. U-601 torpedoed and sank Soviet merchant ship Krestianin, carrying coal, as it neared Belushya Guba. On August 19, German submarine U-209 tried to enter Belushya Guba, but was detected and attacked by a motor boat and two Soviet minesweepers. U-209 departed when Soviet coast guard ship and icebreaker SKR-18 (formerly Fedor Litke) approached from Belushuya Guba. Belushya Guba was used as an anchorage by Russian convoys between the Barents Sea and Archangelsk. A Soviet naval base was established in Belushya Guba in 1944.
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Wikipedia