Battle of Khotyn (1621)

Battle of Khotyn
Part of the Moldavian Magnate Wars and Polish-Ottoman War (1620–1621)
Battle of Chocim, by Józef Brandt
Date 2 September-9 October 1621 Location Near Khotyn, Ukraine Result Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth victory
Belligerents
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Registered Cossacks	Ottoman Empire Crimean Khanate  Wallachia  Moldavia
Commanders and leaders
Grand Hetman Jan Karol Chodkiewicz † Regimentarz Stanisław Lubomirski Crown Prince Władysław Vasa Hetman Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachny †	Sultan Osman II Grand Vizier Ohrili Hüseyin Pasha Khan Temir Canibek Giray
Strength
25,000 Polish-Lithuanian troops and 20,000 Cossacks or 50,000–60,000 ~half Polish-Lithuanian troops, half Cossack troops	120,000–150,000 Ottoman and Tatar, 13,000 Moldavian and Wallachian troops '34,825 Kapikulu (regular army)' ~18,000 Janissary ~1,800 Cebeci ~1,300 artillery corps ~13,000 Kapikulu cavalry.
Casualties and losses
14,000	40,000

120,000–150,000 Ottoman and Tatar, 13,000 Moldavian and Wallachian troops

The Battle of Khotyn or Battle of Chocim or Hotin War (in Turkish: Hotin Muharebesi) was a combined siege and series of battles which took place between 2 September and 9 October 1621 between a Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth army and an invading Ottoman Imperial army. The Commonwealth commanding officer, Grand Hetman of Lithuania Jan Karol Chodkiewicz, held the forces of Sultan Osman II at bay until the first autumn snows, and in the end died during the battle. On 9 October, due to the lateness of the season and having sustained heavy losses in several assaults on fortified Commonwealth lines, the Ottomans abandoned their siege and the battle ended in stalemate, reflected in a treaty that in some sections favoured the Ottomans and in others favoured the Commonwealth.

Khotyn (Ukrainian: Хотин; Polish: Chocim; Romanian: Hotin; Turkish: Hotin; Russian: Хоти́н, translit. Khotin) was conquered and controlled by many different states, resulting in many name changes. Other name variations include Chotyn, or Choczim (especially in Polish).

At the end of the 16th century and the beginning of the 17th century, the magnates of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth intervened in the affairs of Moldavia, which was—and had been since its conquest by Mehmed II in the 15th century—a vassal state of the Ottoman Empire. Additionally, the Ottomans were aggravated by the constant raids by Cossacks, then nominally subjects of the Commonwealth, across the border into Ottoman territories.

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