Autonomous Government of Khorasan
| Autonomous State of Khorasan | ||||||||||
| Unrecognized state | ||||||||||
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| Capital | Mashhad | |||||||||
| Government | Military occupation | |||||||||
| President | ||||||||||
| • | 2 Apr – 3 Oct 1921 | Mohammad Taqi-Khan Pesyan | ||||||||
| Governor-General | ||||||||||
| • | 4 Oct – Nov 1921 (acting) | Mahmoud Khan Nowzari | ||||||||
| • | 16 Nov 1921 | Ismail Khan Bahador | ||||||||
| History | ||||||||||
| • | Established | April 1921 | ||||||||
| • | Disestablished | November 1921 | ||||||||
| Area | ||||||||||
| • | 1921 | 388,332 km² (149,936 sq mi) | ||||||||
| Currency | Persian dinar | |||||||||
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The Autonomous Government of Khorasan was a short-lived military state set up in what is now Iran. It was formally established on the April 2, 1921 and collapsed a few months later, on October 6, 1921. The area administered by the state was approximately 388,332 square kilometres and its capital was Mashhad.
a. From 24 August to 3 October.
b. Until 24 August.
c. Also known as "Aghazadeh".
On April 2, 1921, Colonel Pesyan, Chief of Gendarmerie of Khorasan has Ahmad Qavam the Governor-general of Khorasan toppled in a military coup and has him arrested and sent to Tehran. Qavam and several other dominant figures in Khorasan were charged with Tax evasion charges which evidence were provided to Pesyan by a Belgian named Dubois who was Director of Revenue in Khorasan.
While Qavam was in prison in Tehran, Pesyan instated himself as Governor-general of Khorasan and ruled Khorasan autonomously even though he was a supporter of Seyyed Zia'eddin Tabatabaee the Prime Minister of Persia.
In May 1921, Qavam is freed from prison and Tabatabaee is no longer Prime Minister. Qavam becomes Prime Minister and plans to take revenge on Pesyan. As of May 30, 1921 Pesyan declares that Khorasan is fully Autonomous and he establishes the National Committee of Khorasan or Komitey-e Melli-e Khorasan in Persian. The committee starts a program of plans and reforms, however they face some fierce opposition by some tribal and religious leaders.
Commenced between 2 April to 25 May
Commenced between 26 May to 6 Oct
Several tribal leaders who had lost most of their wealth and belongings due to Pesyan's reform programs were supported by Qavam's government. Therefore, on August 11, 1921 the first battle took place between a detachment of Gendarmes in a village near Kariz on Afghanistan border and forces of Hazara chief Shuja al-Mulk. Gendarmes defeated and fled to Mashhad. This defeat results in appointment of Shawkat al-Dowlah a rival of Shuja al-Mulk as Governor of Torbat-e-Jam with a task to deal with disturbances and a sending of strong numerous gendarme forces on August 20, 1921.
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