Atriopeptin

NPPA
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1ANP, 1YK0, 3N57
Identifiers
Aliases	NPPA, ANF, ANP, ATFB6, ATRST2, CDD, CDD-ANF, CDP, PND, Atrial natriuretic peptide, natriuretic peptide A
External IDs	OMIM: 108780 MGI: 97367 HomoloGene: 4498 GeneCards: NPPA
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human) Band 1p36.22 Start 11,845,709 bp End 11,848,345 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 4 (mouse) Band n/a Start 148,000,722 bp End 148,002,079 bp
Gene ontology Molecular function • neuropeptide receptor binding • hormone activity • peptide hormone receptor binding • neuropeptide hormone activity • protein binding • receptor binding Cellular component • cytoplasm • mast cell granule • nucleus • perinuclear region of cytoplasm • extracellular region • extracellular space • protein complex • extracellular matrix Biological process • response to muscle stretch • positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction • response to hypoxia • regulation of high voltage-gated calcium channel activity • neuropeptide signaling pathway • female pregnancy • regulation of cardiac conduction • negative regulation of collecting lymphatic vessel constriction • positive regulation of potassium ion export across plasma membrane • cellular protein metabolic process • regulation of blood vessel size • positive regulation of heart rate • positive regulation of delayed rectifier potassium channel activity • cGMP biosynthetic process • regulation of blood pressure • negative regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure • regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transport via high voltage-gated calcium channel • transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter • regulation of atrial cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarization • response to insulin • cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development • negative regulation of cell growth • cardiac muscle hypertrophy in response to stress • cellular response to mechanical stimulus • receptor guanylyl cyclase signaling pathway • protein folding Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	4878	230899
Ensembl	ENSG00000175206	ENSMUSG00000041616
UniProt	P01160	P05125
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_006172	NM_008725
RefSeq (protein)	NP_006163	NP_032751
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 11.85 – 11.85 Mb	Chr 1: 148 – 148 Mb
PubMed search

1ANP, 1YK0, 3N57

4878

230899

ENSG00000175206

ENSMUSG00000041616

P01160

P05125

NM_006172

NM_008725

NP_006163

NP_032751

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a polypeptide hormone which reduces an expanded extracellular fluid (ECF) volume by increasing renal sodium excretion. ANP is synthesized, secreted, and released by heart muscle cells (myocytes) in the atrial wall. These cells contain volume receptors which respond to increased stretching of the atrial wall due to increased atrial blood volume. ANP is one of a family of nine natriuretic hormones: seven are atrial in origin.

ANP acts on the kidney to increase sodium and water excretion in the following ways: 1) it dilates the glomerular afferent arterioles, constricts the efferent arterioles, and relaxes the mesangial cells. This increases pressure in the glomerular capillaries, increasing the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), resulting in an increased amount of sodium and water being filtered and excreted. 2) It increases blood flow through the vasa recta, which washes the solutes NaCl and urea out of the medullary interstitium – the lower osmolarity here leads to less reabsorption of tubular fluid and increased excretion. 3) It decreases sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule and cortical collecting duct. 4) It inhibits renin secretion, thereby inhibiting the production of angiotensin and aldosterone. 5) It inhibits the renal sympathetic nervous system. ANP has the opposite effect of aldosterone on the kidney: aldosterone increases renal sodium retention and ANP increases renal sodium loss.

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Wikipedia