Ashur (Bible)

Ashur (אַשּׁוּר) was the second son of Shem, the son of Noah. Ashur's brothers were Elam, Arphaxad, Lud, and Aram.

Prior to the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls, there was contention in academic circles regarding whether Ashur or Nimrod built the Assyrian cities of Nineveh, Resen, Rehoboth-Ir and Calah, since the name Ashur can refer to both the person and the country (compare AV and Genesis 10:8–12 ESV).Sir Walter Raleigh devoted several pages in his History of the World (c. 1616) to reciting past scholarship regarding the question of whether it had been Nimrod or Ashur who built the cities in Assyria. The Ge'ez version of the Book of Jubilees, affirmed by the 15 Jubilees scrolls found amongst the Dead Sea Scrolls, affirms that the contested lands in Genesis 10:8-12 were apportioned to Ashur. Jubilees 9:3 states,

"And for Ashur came forth the second Portion, all the land of Ashur and Nineveh and Shinar and to the border of India, and it ascends and skirts the river."

The Greek Septuagint, a Greek translation of the Hebrew version, the Geneva Bible, and both the 1611 and New King James Versions, further affirm that the language credits Ashur as the founder of the cities of Nineveh, Rehoboth, Calah, and Resen. The 1st century Judaeo-Roman historian Flavius Josephus also gives the following statement:

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