Sir Walter Raleigh
| Sir Walter Raleigh | |
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Portrait of Sir Walter Raleigh inscribed right: Aetatis suae 34 An(no) 1588 ("In the year 1588 of his age 34") and left: with his motto Amore et Virtute ("By Love and Virtue"). National Portrait Gallery, London, NPG 7
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| Born |
22 January 1552 (or 1554) Hayes Barton, East Budleigh, Devon, England |
| Died | 29 October 1618 (aged c. 65) London, England |
| Occupation | Writer, poet, soldier, courtier, explorer |
| Nationality | English |
| Alma mater | Oriel College, Oxford |
| Spouse | Elizabeth Throckmorton |
| Children | Damerei, Walter (Wat),Carew |
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Sir Walter Raleigh (/ˈrɔːli/, /ˈræli/, or /ˈrɑːli/;circa 1554 – 29 October 1618) was an English landed gentleman, writer, poet, soldier, politician, courtier, spy and explorer. He was cousin to Sir Richard Grenville and younger half-brother of Sir Humphrey Gilbert. He is also well known for popularising tobacco in England.
Raleigh was born to a Protestant family in Devon, the son of Walter Raleigh and Catherine Champernowne. Little is known of his early life, though he spent some time in Ireland, in Killua Castle, Clonmellon, County Westmeath, taking part in the suppression of rebellions and participating in the Siege of Smerwick. Later, he became a landlord of property confiscated from the native Irish. He rose rapidly in the favour of Queen Elizabeth I and was knighted in 1585. Raleigh was instrumental in the English colonisation of North America and was granted a royal patent to explore Virginia, which paved the way for future English settlements. In 1591, he secretly married Elizabeth Throckmorton, one of the Queen's ladies-in-waiting, without the Queen's permission, for which he and his wife were sent to the Tower of London. After his release, they retired to his estate at Sherborne, Dorset.
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