Artur Phleps
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SS-Obergruppenführer und General der Waffen-SS Artur Phleps |
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Phleps as an SS-Gruppenführer und Generalleutnant der Waffen-SS
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| Birth name | Artur Gustav Martin Phleps |
| Nickname(s) | Papa Phleps |
| Born |
29 November 1881 Birthälm, Szeben County, Austria-Hungary now Biertan, Sibiu, Romania |
| Died | 21 September 1944 (aged 62) Șimand, Arad, Kingdom of Romania |
| Allegiance |
 Austro-Hungarian Empire Kingdom of Romania Nazi Germany
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| Service/branch | |
| Years of service | 1900–1944 |
| Rank | SS-Obergruppenführer und General der Waffen-SS (Lieutenant General) |
| Unit | SS Motorised Division |
| Commands held |
7th SS Volunteer Mountain Division Prinz Eugen V SS Mountain Corps |
| Battles/wars | |
| Awards |
Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves German Cross in Gold |
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Artur Gustav Martin Phleps (29 November 1881 – 21 September 1944) was an Austro-Hungarian, Romanian and German army officer who held the rank of SS-Obergruppenführer und General der Waffen-SS (lieutenant general) in the Waffen-SS during World War II. An Austro-Hungarian Army officer before and during World War I, he specialised in mountain warfare and logistics, and had been promoted to Oberstleutnant (lieutenant colonel) by the end of the war. During the interwar period he joined the Romanian Army, reaching the rank of General-locotenent (major general), and also became an adviser to King Carol. After he spoke out against the government, he was sidelined and asked to be dismissed from the army.
In 1941 he left Romania and joined the Waffen-SS as a SS-Standartenführer (colonel) under his mother's maiden name of Stolz. Seeing action on the Eastern Front as a regimental commander with the SS Motorised Division , he later raised and commanded the 7th SS Volunteer Mountain Division Prinz Eugen, raised the 13th Waffen Mountain Division of the SS Handschar (1st Croatian), and commanded the V SS Mountain Corps. Units under his command committed many crimes against the civilian population of the Independent State of Croatia, Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia and Italian governorate of Montenegro. His final appointment was as plenipotentiary general in south Siebenbürgen and the Banat, during which he organised the evacuation of the Volksdeutsche (ethnic Germans) of Siebenbürgen to the Reich. In addition to the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, Phleps was awarded the German Cross in Gold, and after he was killed in September 1944, he was awarded the Oak Leaves to his Knight's Cross.
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