Arthur Henderson
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The Right Honourable Arthur Henderson |
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| Leader of the Opposition | |
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In office 1 September 1931 – 25 October 1932 |
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| Prime Minister | Ramsay MacDonald |
| Preceded by | Stanley Baldwin |
| Succeeded by | George Lansbury |
| Leader of the Labour Party | |
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In office 28 August 1931 – 25 October 1932 |
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| Deputy | John Robert Clynes |
| Preceded by | Ramsay MacDonald |
| Succeeded by | George Lansbury |
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In office 5 August 1914 – 24 October 1917 |
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| Chief Whip |
Frank Goldstone George Henry Roberts |
| Preceded by | Ramsay MacDonald |
| Succeeded by | William Adamson |
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In office 22 January 1908 – 14 February 1910 |
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| Chief Whip | George Henry Roberts |
| Preceded by | Keir Hardie |
| Succeeded by | George Nicoll Barnes |
| Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs | |
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In office 7 June 1929 – 24 August 1931 |
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| Prime Minister | Ramsay MacDonald |
| Preceded by | Austen Chamberlain |
| Succeeded by | 1st Marquess of Reading |
| Chief Whip of the Labour Party | |
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In office 1925–1927 |
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| Leader | Ramsay MacDonald |
| Preceded by | Ben Spoor |
| Succeeded by | Tom Kennedy |
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In office 1920–1924 |
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| Leader |
John Robert Clynes Ramsay MacDonald |
| Preceded by | William Tyson Wilson |
| Succeeded by | Ben Spoor |
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In office 1914–1914 |
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| Leader | Ramsay MacDonald |
| Preceded by | George Henry Roberts |
| Succeeded by | Frank Walter Goldstone |
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In office 8 February 1906 – 1907 |
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| Preceded by | David Shackleton |
| Succeeded by | George Henry Roberts |
| Home Secretary | |
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In office 23 January 1924 – 4 November 1924 |
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| Prime Minister | Ramsay MacDonald |
| Preceded by | William Bridgeman |
| Succeeded by | Sir William Joynson-Hicks |
| Minister without Portfolio | |
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In office 10 December 1916 – 12 August 1917 |
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| Prime Minister | David Lloyd George |
| Preceded by | Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice |
| Succeeded by | George Nicoll Barnes |
| Paymaster-General | |
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In office 18 August 1916 – 10 December 1916 |
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| Prime Minister | H. H. Asquith |
| Preceded by | Thomas Legh |
| Succeeded by | Joseph Compton-Rickett |
| President of the Board of Education | |
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In office 25 May 1915 – 18 August 1916 |
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| Prime Minister | H. H. Asquith |
| Preceded by | Jack Pease |
| Succeeded by | Robert Crewe-Milnes |
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Member of Parliament for Clay Cross |
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In office 1 September 1933 – 14 November 1935 |
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| Preceded by | Charles Duncan |
| Succeeded by | Alfred Holland |
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Member of Parliament for Burnley |
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In office 28 February 1924 – 27 October 1931 |
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| Preceded by | Dan Irving |
| Succeeded by | Gordon Campbell |
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Member of Parliament for Newcastle-upon-Tyne East |
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In office 17 January 1923 – 6 December 1923 |
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| Preceded by | Joseph Nicholas Bell |
| Succeeded by | Sir Robert Aske |
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Member of Parliament for Widnes |
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In office 30 August 1919 – 15 November 1922 |
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| Preceded by | William Hall Walker |
| Succeeded by | George Christopher Clayton |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 13 September 1863 Glasgow, Scotland |
| Died | 20 October 1935 (aged 72) London, England |
| Political party | Labour |
| Religion | Methodism |
Arthur Henderson PC (13 September 1863 – 20 October 1935) was a British iron moulder and Labour politician. He was the first Labour cabinet minister, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1934 and, uniquely, served three separate terms as Leader of the Labour Party in three different decades. He was popular among his colleagues, who called him "Uncle Arthur" in acknowledgement of his integrity, his devotion to the cause and his imperturbability. He was a transitional figure whose policies were, at first, close to those of the Liberal Party, and the trades unions rejected his emphasis on arbitration and conciliation, and thwarted his goal of unifying the Labour Party and the trades unions.
Arthur Henderson was born at 10 Paterson Street, Anderston, Glasgow, Scotland, in 1863, the son of Agnes Henderson, a domestic servant, and David, a textile worker who died when Arthur was ten years old. After his father's death the Hendersons moved to Newcastle upon Tyne in the Northeast of England, where Agnes later married Robert Heath.
Henderson worked in a locomotive factory from the age of twelve. After finishing his apprenticeship at seventeen he moved to Southampton for a year and then returned to work as an iron moulder (a type of foundryman) in Newcastle upon Tyne.
Henderson became a Methodist in 1879 (having previously been a Congregationalist) and became a Local Preacher. After he lost his job in 1884 he concentrated on preaching.
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