Arsenates

Arsenate

Names
IUPAC name arsorate
Identifiers
CAS Number	12523-21-6 Y
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	25498 N
PubChem	27401
InChI InChI=1S/AsH3O4/c2-1(3,4)5/h(H3,2,3,4,5)/p-3 N Key: DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K N InChI=1/AsH3O4/c2-1(3,4)5/h(H3,2,3,4,5)/p-3 Key: DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-DFZHHIFOAQ
SMILES [O-][As](=O)([O-])[O-]
Properties
Chemical formula	AsO3− 4
Molar mass	138.919
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

The arsenate ion is AsO3−
4. An arsenate (compound) is any compound that contains this ion. Arsenates are salts or esters of arsenic acid. The arsenic atom in arsenate has a valency of 5 and is also known as pentavalent arsenic or As(V). Arsenate resembles phosphate in many respects, since arsenic and phosphorus occur in the same group (column) of the periodic table. Arsenates are moderate oxidizers, with an electrode potential of +0.56 V for reduction to arsenites.

Arsenates occur naturally in a variety of minerals. Those minerals may contain hydrated or anhydrous arsenates. Unlike phosphates, arsenates are not lost from a mineral during weathering. Examples of arsenate-containing minerals include adamite, alarsite, annabergite, erythrite and legrandite.

Arsenate can replace inorganic phosphate in the step of glycolysis that produces 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate from glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. This yields 1-arseno-3-phosphoglycerate instead, which is unstable and quickly hydrolyzes, forming the next intermediate in the pathway, 3-phosphoglycerate. Therefore, glycolysis proceeds, but the ATP molecule that would be generated from 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is lost – arsenate is an uncoupler of glycolysis, explaining its toxicity.