Arsenate

Names

IUPAC name

arsorate

Identifiers

CAS Number

12523-21-6^Y

3D model (Jmol)

25498^N

InChI=1S/AsH3O4/c2-1(3,4)5/h(H3,2,3,4,5)/p-3^N

Key: DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K^N
InChI=1/AsH3O4/c2-1(3,4)5/h(H3,2,3,4,5)/p-3

Key: DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-DFZHHIFOAQ

SMILES

[O-][As](=O)([O-])[O-]

Properties

Chemical formula

AsO3−
4

Molar mass

138.919

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

(what is ^YN ?)

Infobox references

The arsenate ion is As O3−
4. An arsenate (compound) is any compound that contains this ion. Arsenates are salts or esters of arsenic acid. The arsenic atom in arsenate has a valency of 5 and is also known as pentavalent arsenic or As(V). Arsenate resembles phosphate in many respects, since arsenic and phosphorus occur in the same group (column) of the periodic table. Arsenates are moderate oxidizers, with an electrode potential of +0.56 V for reduction to arsenites.

Arsenates occur naturally in a variety of minerals. Those minerals may contain hydrated or anhydrous arsenates. Unlike phosphates, arsenates are not lost from a mineral during weathering. Examples of arsenate-containing minerals include adamite, alarsite, annabergite, erythrite and legrandite.

Arsenate can replace inorganic phosphate in the step of glycolysis that produces 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate from glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. This yields 1-arseno-3-phosphoglycerate instead, which is unstable and quickly hydrolyzes, forming the next intermediate in the pathway, 3-phosphoglycerate. Therefore, glycolysis proceeds, but the ATP molecule that would be generated from 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is lost – arsenate is an uncoupler of glycolysis, explaining its toxicity.

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