Arivaca
| Arivaca, Arizona | |
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| Unincorporated community | |
Arivaca, facing west down Main Street, 2015
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 Location of Arivaca in Pima County, Arizona. |
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 Arivaca, Arizona
Arivaca, Arizona
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| Coordinates: 31°34′38″N 111°19′53″W / 31.57722°N 111.33139°WCoordinates: 31°34′38″N 111°19′53″W / 31.57722°N 111.33139°W | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Arizona |
| County | Pima |
| Area | |
| • Total | 27.77 sq mi (71.94 km2) |
| • Land | 27.77 sq mi (71.94 km2) |
| • Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) |
| Elevation | 3,643 ft (1,110 m) |
| Population (2010) | |
| • Total | 35,840 |
| • Estimate (2016) | N/A |
| Time zone | MST (no DST) |
| FIPS code | 04-03320 |
Arivaca (O'odham: Ali Wa:pk) is an unincorporated community in Pima County, Arizona, United States. It is located 11 miles (18 km) north of the Mexican border and 35 miles (56 km) northwest of the port of entry at Nogales. The European-American history of the area dates back at least to 1695, although the community was not founded until 1878. Arivaca has the ZIP code 85601. The 85601 ZIP Code Tabulation Area had a population of 909 at the 2000 census.
The Arivaca community lies on the north side of the Arivaca Creek valley at an elevation of 3,643 feet (1,110 m). The Las Guijas Mountains rise to the northwest and the foothills of the San Luis Mountains are to the south. A unit of the Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge occupies the Arivaca Creek valley to the southeast of the town.
Arivaca Road connects with I-19 at Amado about 23 miles (37 km) to the northeast and with Arizona State Route 286 some 12 miles (19 km) to the west in Altar Valley.
The early history of Arivaca is obscure. It was probably a Pima or Tohono O'odham village, abandoned after the Pima Indian Revolt of 1751. Spanish settlers developed small mines.
In 1833 a Mexican land grant of 8,677 acres (35.11 km2) was approved, which became La Aribac ranch, a Pima word for "small springs".Charles Poston bought the ranch in 1856, and the reduction works for the Heintzelman Mine, at Cerro Colorado, were then erected at Arivaca. The Court of Private Land Claims eventually disallowed the Arivaca Land Grant. The US Post Office was established April 10, 1878, with Noah W. Bernard as the first Postmaster; still in operation at ZIP code 85601. Freighter and rancher Pedro Aguirre established a stage stop in Arivaca and the Buenos Aires Ranch. In 1879 he built the historic Arivaca Schoolhouse, which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012, as the oldest standing school building in Arizona.
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