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Ang Kalayaan

Katipunan
Kataás-taasan, Kagalang-galang Katipunan ng̃ mg̃á Anak ng̃ Bayan
Philippine revolution flag kkk1.svg
early flag of the Katipunan Revolutionaries
Abbreviation KKK
Motto See the Kartilya ng Katipunan
Formation July 7, 1892
Extinction May 25, 1897
Type Military secret society
Legal status Defunct
Purpose See Katipunan aims
Membership
Masonic
Official language
Tagalog, regional languages
President
Deodato Arellano (1892–1893)
Roman Basa (1893–1895)
Andrés Bonifacio (1895–1897)
Main organ
Kalayaan (dated January 1896, published March 1896)
Katipunan
President Andrés Bonifacio (1894–1896, until discovery)
Secretary-General Emilio Jacinto
Founded July 7, 1892 (1892-07-07)
Headquarters Tondo, Manila or San Nicolas, Manila;
Newspaper Kalayaan
Ideology Filipino nationalism and independence
Political position Big tent
International affiliation La Liga Filipina
Colors red and white
Slogan Kataás-taasang, Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng̃ mg̃á Anak ng Bayan
Katipunan
Participant at the Philippine Revolution
Philippine revolution flag kkk1.svg
Background
Events Various revolts and uprisings
Factions
Key organizations Propaganda Movement
La Liga Filipina
Objects Noli Me Tángere
El filibusterismo
La Solidaridad
Organization
Leaders Andrés Bonifacio
Emilio Aguinaldo
Ladislao Diwa
Gregoria de Jesús
Teodoro Plata
Deodato Arellano
Valentín Díaz
José Dizon
Pio del Pilar
Members Melchora Aquino
Pío Valenzuela
Emilio Jacinto
Gregorio del Pilar
Mariano Noriel
Teresa Magbanua
Paciano Rizal
Artemio Ricarte
Daniel Tirona
José Santiago
Manuel Tinio
León Kilat
Arcadio Maxilom

others


The Katipunan (usually abbreviated to KKK) was a Philippine revolutionary society founded by anti-Spanish Filipinos in Manila in 1892, whose primary aim was to gain independence from Spain through revolution. Based on recently found contemporary documents, the society has been organized as early as January 1892 but may have not became active until July 7 of the same year on the night when Filipino writer José Rizal was to be banished to Dapitan earlier in the day. Founded by Filipino patriots Andrés Bonifacio, Teodoro Plata, Ladislao Diwa and others, initially, the Katipunan was a secret organization until its discovery in 1896 that led to the outbreak of the Philippine Revolution.

The Tagalog word "katipunan", literally meaning 'association', comes from the root word "tipon," a Tagalog word meaning "gather"." Its official revolutionary name was Kataas-taasan, Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan (lit. Supreme and Most Honorable Society of the Children of the Nation, Spanish: Suprema y Venerable Asociación de los Hijos del Pueblo). The Katipunan is also known by its acronym, KKK.

Being a secret organization, its members were subjected to the utmost secrecy and were expected to abide by the rules established by the society. Aspiring applicants were given standard initiation rites in order to become members of the society. At first, membership in the Katipunan was only open to male Filipinos; later, women were accepted into the society. The Katipunan had its own publication, Kalayaan (Liberty) which issued its first and last printing in March 1896. Revolutionary ideals and works flourished within the society, and Filipino literature was expanded by some of its prominent members.


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