Amilcare Cipriani
| Amilcare Cipriani | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Born |
October 18, 1844 Anzio, Italy |
| Died | April 30, 1918 (aged 73) Paris, France |
| Nationality | Italian |
Amilcare Cipriani (October 18, 1844 in Anzio – April 30, 1918 in Paris) was an Italian socialist, anarchist and patriot.
Cipriani was born in Anzio in a family originally from Rimini. In June 1859, at the age of 15 he fought with Giuseppe Garibaldi alongside Piedmontese troops in the Battle of Solferino in the Second Italian War of Independence. In 1860, he deserted from the followed Garibaldi in the Expedition of the Thousand (Spedizione dei Mille) in Sicily in order to conquer the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, ruled by the Bourbons.
Reinserted in the ranks of the regular army after an amnesty, he defected back to join Garibaldi in the expedition to Rome with the intent of liberating the city and annexing it to the Kingdom of Italy. However, the Royal Italian Army defeated Garibaldi's army of volunteers in the Battle of Aspromonte (August 29, 1862). Garibaldi was wounded and taken prisoner; Cipriani escaped capture, but was forced to flee abroad, finding refuge in Greece.
Cipriani founded the "Democratic Club", and along with Emanouil Dadaoglou organized a group and took part in the revolution against King Otto of Greece in 1862. After joining the First International in 1867, Cipriani partook in the defence of the Paris Commune in 1871, for which he was condemned to death but instead was exiled to a penal colony in New Caledonia along with 7,000 others.
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