Alitalia CityLiner S.p.A. is the regional subsidiary of Alitalia. It operates short haul point to point flights with low passenger load factors, using regional airliners, and carries passengers from minor airports to Alitalia's hub at Leonardo da Vinci–Fiumicino Airport.

Alitalia CityLiner was founded as Air One CityLiner S.p.A. in June 2006, as a subsidiary of Air One, with a brand new fleet of 10 Bombardier CRJ-900's. Its first two legs were Trieste-Rome Fiumicino and Genoa-Naples on 7 June. By November of that year, all of the aircraft in the airline's first order were delivered. In April and May of the next year, the fleet grew to ten aircraft.

In February 2007, it started its first international route: Turin-Paris (Charles de Gaulle).

On 13 January 2009, Air One and Alitalia merged under the Alitalia brand name. As a result, Air One CityLiner's aircraft were used on behalf of Alitalia group. In 2010, Alitalia considered ordering 20 Russian regional aircraft Sukhoi Superjet 100, but ordered Embraer 190 aircraft to update its regional fleet because the Superjets were not available for immediate delivery, as they still needed to be certified.

On 20 April 2011, the airline was rebranded as Alitalia CityLiner. It became the only regional airline of the Alitalia group and has taken up the role of Alitalia Express. A brand new fleet of 20 Embraer 175s and 190s was delivered from September 2011 until March 2013.

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