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Ali ibn Abi Talib

Ali ibn Abi Talib
علي بن أبي طالب
Commander of the Faithful (Amir al-Mu'minin) see section "Titles"
Calligraphic representation of Ali
4th Caliph of the Rashidun caliphate
(Sunni view)
Reign 656–661
Predecessor Uthman ibn Affan
Successor Hasan ibn Ali
1st Imam of all Muslims
(Shia view)
Predecessor Muhammad
Successor Hasan ibn Ali
Born 13 Rajab 21 BH (15 September AD 601)
Mecca, Arabia
Died 21 Ramadan 40 AH (29 January AD 661)
Kufa, Iraq
Burial Imam Ali Mosque, Najaf, Iraq
Spouses
Issue
(among others)
Full name

'Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib

Arabic: علي بن أبي طالب‎‎
Tribe Quraysh (Banu Hashim)
Father Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib
Mother Fatimah bint Asad
Religion Islam
Full name

'Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib

Arabic: علي بن أبي طالب‎‎

'Alī ibn Abī Ṭālib

Ali ibn Abi Talib (/ˈɑːli, ɑːˈl/;Arabic: علي بن أبي طالب‎, translit. ʿAlī bin Abī Ṭālib‎, Arabic pronunciation: [ʕaliː bɪn ʔabiː t̪ˤaːlɪb]; 13 Rajab, 21 BH – 21 Ramadan, 40 AH; 15 September 601 – 29 January 661) was the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, ruling over the Islamic caliphate from 656 to 661.

Born to Abu Talib and Fatima bint Asad, Ali was the only person born in the sacred sanctuary of the Kaaba in Mecca, the holiest place in Islam, according to many classical Islamic sources, especially Shia ones. Ali was the first young male who accepted Islam. After migrating to Medina, he married Muhammad's daughter Fatimah. Ali took part in the early caravan raids from Mecca and later in almost all the battles fought by the nascent Muslim community. He was appointed caliph by Muhammad's Companions (Sahaba) in 656, after caliph Uthman ibn Affan was assassinated. Ali's reign saw civil unrest and in 661, he was attacked and assassinated by a Kharijite while praying in the Great Mosque of Kufa, dying two days later.


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