Alfred Chester Beatty

Sir Alfred Chester Beatty (7 February 1875 – 19 January 1968) was an Irish-American mining magnate and millionaire, often called the "King of Copper". U.S.-born, he was naturalised British in 1933, and made an honorary citizen of Ireland in 1957. A collector of Oriental art and books, he bequeathed the Chester Beatty Biblical Papyri to the British Museum and the Chester Beatty Library to Dublin, Ireland. He founded the Chester Beatty Institute which was later renamed the Institute of Cancer Research.

Alfred Chester Beatty was born in New York City, the youngest of three sons. He attended Columbia University, graduating as a mining engineer in 1898. He moved to Denver, Colorado where his first job in the mines earned him $2 per day as a 'mucker', clearing away rock and soil from mine tunnels. He was promoted quickly, being named mine superintendent within a few months. He later served as the chief engineer for the Guggenheim Exploration Company.n 1899 he decide to start his own consultancy firm. By 1900 he had relocated to the gold mines in Cripple Creek, Colorado, where he made the bulk of his fortune. He was often called the "King of Copper". In 1900 Beatty married Grace Rickard, with whom he had two children. By 1907, at the age of thirty-two, he was a millionaire as a director of several American mining companies. When Grace died suddenly in 1911, Beatty moved to London with the children, establishing Selection Trust,a mining firm. In 1913 he married Edith Dunn of New York. Beatty became a naturalised British citizen in 1933.

Beatty began collecting early in his life. He recalled attending an auction with his father at the age of ten, and bidding 10 cents on a piece of pink calcite. During his time in Denver he began collecting stamps, which grew into an award winning collection. Later he began collecting Chinese snuff bottles, expanding into paintings and other artefacts. By the 1940s, he had built up a remarkable and impressive collection of Oriental art and books. He and Edith traveled to Egypt in 1914 and Asia in 1919, greatly expanding the collection. Though he did collect art, Beatty's passion was collecting books and manuscripts. His collection included French and English colour plate books, manuscripts from Persia and Europe, and Old Master prints. In the 1920s he chanced on a collection of papyrus texts.

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