Alexander Bogdanov
| Alexander Bogdanov | |
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| Full member of the 4th, 5th Central Committee of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party | |
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In office June 1906 – June 1909 |
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| Prospective member of the 3rd Central Committee of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party | |
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In office 1905–1906 |
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| Personal details | |
| Born |
Alyaksandr Malinovsky 22 August 1873 Sokółka, Grodno Governorate, Russian Empire (now Poland) |
| Died | 7 April 1928 (aged 54) Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union |
| Alma mater | Moscow University, Kharkiv University |
| Occupation | Physician, philosopher, writer |
Alexander Aleksandrovich Bogdanov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Богда́нов; born Alyaksandr Malinovsky, Belarusian: Алякса́ндр Алякса́ндравіч Маліно́ўскі) (22 August 1873 [O.S. 10 August] – 7 April 1928) was a Russian and Soviet physician, philosopher, science fiction writer, and revolutionary of Belarusian ethnicity.
He was a key figure in the early history of the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party, being one of its co-founders and a rival to Vladimir Lenin until being expelled in 1909. In the first decade of the Soviet Union, he was an influential opponent of the government from a Marxist perspective. Bogdanov received training in medicine and psychiatry. His scientific interests ranged from the universal systems theory to the possibility of human rejuvenation through blood transfusion. He invented an original philosophy called “tectology,” now regarded as a forerunner of systems theory. He was also an economist, culture theorist, science fiction writer, and political activist.
Alyaksandr Malinovsky was born in Sokółka, Grodno Governorate, Russian Empire (now Poland), into a rural teacher's family, the second of six children. He attended the Gymnasium at Tula, which he compared to a barracks or prison. He was awarded a gold medal when he graduated.
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