Albert Sabin
| Albert Sabin | |
|---|---|
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| Born | Albert Sabin 26 August 1906 Białystok, Russian Empire |
| Died | 3 March 1993 (aged 86) Washington, D.C, United States Heart failure |
| Citizenship | Poland, United States |
| Fields | Immunology, virology |
| Alma mater | New York University |
| Known for | Oral polio vaccine |
| Notable awards |
E. Mead Johnson Award (1941) National Medal of Science (1970) John Howland Award (1974) Presidential Medal of Freedom (1986) |
| Spouse | Sylvia Tregillus (1935–1966; her death; two children) Jane Warner (1967–1971; divorced) Heloisa Dunshee de Abranches (1972–1993; his death) |
Albert Bruce Sabin (August 26, 1906 – March 3, 1993) was a Polish American medical researcher, best known for developing the oral polio vaccine which has played a key role in nearly eradicating the disease.
Sabin was born in Białystok, then part of Russia, to Ashkenazi-Jewish parents, Jacob and Tillie Krugman Saperstein. In 1922, he emigrated with his family to America. In 1930, he became a naturalized citizen of the United States and changed his name to Sabin.
Sabin received a medical degree from New York University in 1931. He trained in internal medicine, pathology, and surgery at Bellevue Hospital in New York City from 1931–1933. In 1934, he conducted research at The Lister Institute for Preventive Medicine in England, then joined the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research (now Rockefeller University). During this time, he developed an intense interest in research, especially in the area of infectious diseases. In 1939, he moved to Cincinnati Children's Hospital in Cincinnati, Ohio. During World War II, he was a lieutenant colonel in the U.S. Army Medical Corps and helped develop a vaccine against Japanese encephalitis. Maintaining his association with Children's Hospital, by 1946, he had also become the head of Pediatric Research at the University of Cincinnati. At Cincinnati's Children's Hospital, Sabin supervised the fellowship of Robert M. Chanock, whom he called his "star scientific son."
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