Agnes of Bohemia (1305–1337)

Agnes of Bohemia (Czech: Anežka Přemyslovna, Polish: Agnieszka Przemyślidka) (1305–1337) was the only child of King Wenceslaus II of Bohemia by his second wife, Elisabeth Richeza of Poland. She was a member of the Přemyslid dynasty.

Her father's previous marriage to Judith of Habsburg had produced four surviving children, Wenceslaus III of Bohemia, Anna of Bohemia, Elisabeth of Bohemia and Margaret of Bohemia. Wenceslaus II died in 1305 and his heir Wenceslaus III was assassinated one year later, in Olomouc, on his way to Poland.

Agnes' mother, Elisabeth, subsequently married Rudolph III, son of Albert of Habsburg (King of the Romans) on 16 October 1306. Rudolph was chosen to be King of Bohemia by part of Czech nobility and Elisabeth remained queen for a short time. Rudolph died 4 July 1307 of dysentery after becoming ill during the siege of the fortress of one of revolting noblemen, Bavor III of Strakonice. In his last will, Rudolph acknowledged Elizabeth's dowry towns and entailed her a huge amount of money.

Elisabeth arranged for Agnes to marry Henry I of Jawor. The wedding took place in 1316, however, because the two were related in the fourth degree of kinship, a papal dispensation was required. It was granted in 1325. Agnes' brother in law, King John of Bohemia opposed the marriage, which would make Henry a powerful rival, along with Bolesław III the Generous, the husband of Margaret of Bohemia, a half-sister of Agnes.

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